天然气地球科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 22 ›› Issue (2): 240–249.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2011.02.240

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴西南地区E13构造岩性油气藏形成条件及有利勘探区带

张晓宝, 平忠伟, 张道伟, 王琪, 陶辉飞, 王国仓   

  1. 1.中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所兰州油气资源研究中心,甘肃  兰州  730000;
    2.中国科学院油气资源研究重点实验室,北京  100029;
    3.中国科学院研究生院,北京  100049;4.中国石油青海油田分公司,甘肃  敦煌 736202
  • 收稿日期:2011-01-30 修回日期:2011-04-13 出版日期:2011-04-10 发布日期:2011-04-10
  • 通讯作者: 张晓宝xbzhang@lzb.ac.cn E-mail:xbzhang@lzb.ac.cn
  • 作者简介:张晓宝(1958-),男,新疆奇台人,研究员,博士,从事天然气地球化学、沉积学、油气地质综合研究.
  • 基金资助:

    “稀有气体作为油气田开发天然示踪剂的基础与应用理论”项目(编号:40472071)资助.

Formation Conditions of Structural Lithological Oil and Gas Reservoirs and Exploratory Prospects in the Southwest of the Qaidam Basin, China

ZHANG Xiao-Bao, PING Zhong-Wei, ZHANG Dao-Wei, WANG Qi, TAO Hui-Fei, WANG Guo-Cang   

  1. 1.Lanzhou Center of Petroleum Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China;
    2.Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;
    3.Postgraduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;
    4.Qinghai Oilfield Company, CNPC, Dunhuang 736202,China.
  • Received:2011-01-30 Revised:2011-04-13 Online:2011-04-10 Published:2011-04-10

摘要:

柴西南地区具备E13构造岩性油气藏形成的地质条件。生油岩地球化学特征和油源对比研究表明,柴西南地区下第三系发育扎哈泉和英雄岭2个大的生油凹陷,凹陷内发育E13和E23 2套有效生油岩,为构造岩性油气藏形成提供了油源条件。柴西南地区存在与英雄岭和扎哈泉生油凹陷相接的红柳泉—跃进、铁木里克和昆北断阶带3个古斜坡,为构造岩性油气藏形成创造了大型的古构造斜坡背景。柴西南地区昆北断阶带和尕斯断陷内存在下倾方向与生油凹陷相邻的成排成带发育的断背斜和断鼻等构造,为构造岩性油气藏的形成提供了局部构造斜坡背景。在区域和局部构造斜坡背景上柴西南地区下干柴沟组下段(E13)沉积时期存在辫状河三角洲和湖泊相构成的沉积体系,发育了6个辫状河三角洲。柴西南辫状河三角洲外前缘发育河口坝、远端坝和席状砂,主要分布在尕斯断陷内的构造圈闭的斜坡区,油源和圈闭条件优越,是构造岩性油气藏勘探最有利的地区。柴西南辫状河三角洲前缘发育水下分流河道砂体,分布在昆北断阶带和尕斯断陷部分断鼻或断背斜的斜坡带,油源较充裕,但封堵条件较差,是构造岩性油气藏勘探较有利的区带。

关键词: 成藏条件, 构造岩性油气藏, 柴西南地区

Abstract:

E13 of Southwestern Qaidam Basin possesses the geological conditions to form the structural lithologic reservoirs.Characteristics of source rocks and study of oil source correlation show that two large petroleum generative depressions, i.e., the Zhahaquan and Yingxiongling depressions, developed in the lower Tertiary, including two sets of effective source rocks of E13 fand E23, providing the oil source conditions for the formation of structural lithologic reservoirs.The existence of three structural slopes of Hongliuquan-Yuejin, Tiemulike and the Kunbei fault step zone in Southwestern Qaidam basin, connecting the depressions of Zhahaquan and Yingxiongling, created large structural slope backgrounds for the formation of structural lithologic reservoirs.The Kunbei fault step zone and the Gasi faulted depression in Southwestern Qaidam basin have structures of fault anticlines, fault noses and so on aligned in belts, with downdip direction adjacent to petroleum generative depressions, providing the local structural slope backgrounds for the formation of structural lithologic reservoirs.In the backgrounds of regional and local structural slopes, Southwestern Qaidam basin existed braid delta and lacustrine facies depositional systems, and developed six braid deltas during the period of the lower Ganchaigouzu (E13 ) Formation.There developed mouth bars, distal bars and sheet sands in delta front outer zones of Southwestern Qaidam basin mainly in the slope areas of structural traps in the Gasi fault depression where there are superior trap conditions and were the most favorable areas for the exploration of structural lithologic reservoirs.Delta fronts of Southwestern Qaidam basin developed underwater distributary channel sands in the slope belts of the Kunbei fault step zone and certain fault noses or fault anticlines of the Gasi fault depression, where there are rich oil source and poor sealing conditions and were more favorable for the exploration of structural lithologic reservoirs.

Key words: Reservoir formed condition, Structural lithologic reservoir, Southwestern Qaidam basin.

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.2

[1]Chen Qilin.Favorable condition and exploration prospecting of lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir in large-scale saline basin-Case study on the Eogene in the southwest of Qaidam basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2007,19(1):46-51.[陈启林.大型咸化湖盆地层岩性油气藏有利条件与勘探方向——以柴达木盆地柴西南古近纪为例[J].岩性油气藏,2007,19(1):46-51.]
[2]Zong Yiping,Fu Suotang,Zhang Daowei,et al.The idea and method for exploration of lithologic reservoir in south area in western Qaidam basin [J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2010,31(5):460-462.[宗贻平,付锁堂,张道伟,等.柴西南区岩性油藏勘探思路及方法[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(5):460-462.] 
[3]Fu Suotang,Xu Ligui,Gong Qinglin,et al.Petroleum geologic characteristics of southwestern Qaidam basin and recommendations for further exploration and study[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2010,(1):6-10.[付锁堂,徐礼贵,巩庆林,等.柴西南区石油地质特征及再勘探再研究的建议[J].中国石油勘探,2010,(1):6-10.]
[4]Fu Suotang.Key controlling factors of oil and gas accumulation in the western Qaidam basin and its implications for favorable exploration direction[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(2):79-85.[付锁堂.柴达木盆地西部油气成藏控制因素与有利勘探方向[J].沉积学报,2010,28(2):79-85.]
[5]Yang Bo,Chen Haiqing,Wang Guanghua.Formation of lithologic traps and partition of favorable exploration regions in Qaixinan area of Qaidam basin[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2006,41(supplement):42-47.[杨波,陈海清,王光华.柴达木盆地柴西南区岩性圈闭形成及有利勘探区带划分[J].石油地球物理勘探,2006, 41(增刊):42-47.]
[6][JP2]Liu Wei,Zhu Xiaomin.Distribution and genesis of secondary pores in Tertiary clastic reservoir in southwestern Qaidam basin[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2006,33(3):312-318.[刘伟,朱筱敏.柴西南地区第三系碎屑岩储集层次生孔隙分布及成因[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(3):312-318.]
[7]Chen Yanpeng,Liu Zhen,Li Heyong,et al.Sequence stratigraphic feature of the Paleogene strata in the southwestern area of Qaidam basin and the distribution mode of the subtle traps[J].Journal of Xi'an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2007,22(4):17-21.[陈艳鹏,刘震,李鹤永,等.柴西南区古近系层序地层特征及岩性圈闭发育模式[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,22(4):17-21.]
[8]Luo Shaohui.Basin-mountain coupling mechanism of Qaidam basin[J].Neijiang Science & Technology,2009,(1):86.[罗少辉.柴西南盆山耦合机制[J].内江科技,2009,(1):86.]
[9]Luo Mei,Jia Shuyuan.On the geotectonic evolution of the Qaidam basin and its adjacent areas[J].Journal of Chengdu University of Technology,1991,13(4):55-64.[罗梅,贾疏源.柴达木盆地及相邻地区地质构造演化[J].成都地质学院学报,1991,13(4):55-64.]
[10]Chen Shiyue,Xu Fengyin,Peng Dehua.Characteristics of basement structures and their controls on hydrocarbon in Qaidam basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2000,21(3):175-179.[陈世悦,徐凤银,彭德华.柴达木盆地基底构造特征及其控油意义[J].新疆石油地质,2000,21(3):175-179.]
[11]Chen Yinbin,Yuan Jianying,Chen Qilin,et al.Developmental characteristics and control action of hydrocarbon accumulation in the southwest area of Qaidam basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2006,17(5):645-648.[陈迎宾,袁剑英,陈启林,等.柴达木盆地西部南区断裂发育特征及对成藏的控制作用[J].天然气地球科学,2006,17(5):645-648.][12]Huang Hanchun,Zhou Xianqiang,Wang Changli.Tectonic evolution of the Qaidam basin and the regularity of oil accumulation[J].Geological Review,1989,35(4):314-323.[黄汉纯,周显强,王长利.柴达木盆地构造演化与石油富集规律[J].地质论评,1989,35(4):314-323.]
[13]Wu Huaguo,Dai Junsheng,Yang Guoquan,et al.Types and oiliness of anticlines in Qaidam basin[J].Journal of  China University of Petroleum,2001,25(1):1-3.[吴花果,戴俊生,杨国权,等.柴达木盆地背斜构造类型及含油气性[J].石油大学学报,2001,25(1):1-3.]
[14]Cao Zhenglin,Sun Xiujian,Zhang Xiaojun,et al.Methods and techniques of lithological reservoir exploration in southwestern Qaidam basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2010,21(2):224-229.[曹正林,孙秀建,张小军,等.柴达木盆地西南区岩性油气藏勘探方法与技术[J].天然气地球科学,2010,21(2):224-229.]
[15]Shi Yajun,Cao Zhenglin,Zhang Xiaojun,et al.Characteristics of hydrocarbon enrichment in lithologic reservoirs in the southwestern Qaidam basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(2):37-41.[石亚军,曹正林,张小军,等.柴西南地区岩性油气藏的富集特征[J].天然气工业,2009,29(2):37-41.]
[16][KG*5/6]Chen Yanpeng,Liu Zhen,Ma Dade,et al.Accumulation process of lithologic pools in southwestern Qaidam basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(2):189-194.[陈艳鹏,刘震,马达德,等.柴西南区岩性油藏的形成过程[J].石油学报,2009,30(2):189-194.]
[17]Liu Feng,Xiao Chuantao,Ding Jing,et al.Study on high-resolution sequence stratigraphy of lower Ganchaigou Formation of Yuejin region in Qaidam basin[J].Journal of Yangtze University:Natural Science Edition, 2009,6(3):73-80.[刘丰,肖传桃,丁静,等.柴西南跃进地区下干柴沟组高分辨率层序地层学研究[J].长江大学学报:自然科学版,2009,6(3):73-80.]
[18]Meshric I D.The reaction of organic acid and carbonic acid and the genesis of secondary pore [C]// Reservoir Geochemistry.Xi’an:Northwest University Press,1992:134-144.[Meshric I D.论碳酸和有机酸的反应能力和次生孔隙的形成[C]//储层地球化学.西安:西北大学出版社,1992:134-144.]

[1] 张文,李玉宏,王利,赵峰华,韩伟,宋昌贵. 渭河盆地氦气成藏条件分析及资源量预测[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(2): 236-244.
[2] 李登华,刘卓亚,张国生,郑志红,贾君,高煖,昝昕. 中美致密油成藏条件、分布特征和开发现状对比与启示[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(7): 1126-1138.
[3] 张交东,曾秋楠,周新桂,刘旭锋,张宏达,王玉芳,毕彩芹,曹建康,杜建波,于明德,张扬,常大宇,王付斌,苗慧心. 南华北盆地太康隆起西部新区上古生界天然气成藏条件与钻探发现[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(11): 1637-1649.
[4] 周俊峰,张虎权,余建平,朱永峰,姚清洲,袁玉春. 塔北西部玉东地区奥陶系油气成藏条件与勘探潜力[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S1): 121-129.
[5] 张伟,何家雄,李晓唐,刘志杰,张景茹,龚晓峰. 莺歌海盆地中央泥底辟带乐东区中深层成藏条件与勘探风险分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(5): 880-892.
[6] 孟庆洋,桂丽黎,陈琰,袁莉,杨帆,隋立伟,白东来. 柴达木盆地西南地区典型油田油气充注期研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(2): 252-260.
[7] 林玉祥,栾伟娜,韩继雷,张春荣,吴玉琛,李秀芹. 沁水盆地砂岩游离气成藏主控因素分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(10): 1873-1882.
[8] 申建,秦勇,傅雪海,陈刚,陈润. 深部煤层气成藏条件特殊性及其临界深度探讨[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014, 25(9): 1470-1476.
[9] 梁建设,王存武,柳迎红,高印军,杜江峰,冯汝勇,朱学申,余杰. 沁水盆地致密气成藏条件与勘探潜力研究[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014, 25(10): 1509-1519.
[10] 曹正林,孙秀建,汪立群,阎存凤,赵健,马峰.
柴达木盆地阿尔金山前东坪—牛东斜坡带天然气成藏条件
[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2013, 24(6): 1125-1131.
[11] 苗顺德,徐建永,印斌浩. 珠江口盆地珠Ⅲ坳陷反转构造特征及有利反转构造区带评价[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2013, 24(3): 566-573.
[12] 肖永军,徐佑德,段晓艳,于永利. 长岭断陷东岭地区火石岭组油气成藏特征分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2012, 23(4): 720-726.
[13] 南征兵, 张艳玲, 李永铁, 郭祖军. 羌塘盆地油气成藏主控因素分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2012, 23(3): 469-473.
[14] 张忠涛, 秦成岗, 高鹏, 屈亮, 刘道理, 轩义华, 周凤娟, 邢贞贞, 李国放. 珠江口盆地番禺—流花地区天然气成藏特征及主控因素分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2011, 22(5): 778-783.
[15] 高阳, 金强, 帅燕华, 王浩. 渤海湾盆地生物气成因类型与成藏条件[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2011, 22(3): 407-414.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!