0 引言
1 地质背景
2 走滑构造解析
2.1 构造特征
2.2 背斜形成时间
图6 碱山构造碱3井下油砂山组下段井震资料解释与察罕地区地震相Fig.6 Comparison of seismic phase interpretation of the lower section of Xia Youshashan Formation of Well Jian3 in Jianshan structure and seismic facies of Chahan area |
The discovery of Chahan strike-slip anticline and prediction of favorable gas plays in the northern Qaidam Basin
Received date: 2025-07-23
Revised date: 2025-11-03
Online published: 2025-11-19
For many years, the exploration of natural gas in the large structural belts of the northern Qaidam Basin have been unsatisfactory, which may be related to the traditional understanding of deep-seated paleo-anticlinal traps under the dual-layer structural model. Through seismic data interpretation and analysis, it is concluded that the structural style of this area is mainly of synsedimentary compressional strike-slip structures developed in the late Himalayan period. The strong deformed ones usually are ruptured anticlines with fault extending to the surface resulting in low abundance traps of underfilled gas accumulation, while the gentle anticline of Chahan which developed as synsedimentary overlying anticline over uplifting blocks faulted by compressional strike slip movement at depth is of high effect. Because strike slip belt moved only along fault within the linear band, the sags between them usually are of weak deformation which is conducive to the preservation of gas reservoirs and is a favorable area for gas exploration. Pingdong Sag located among Altun, Jianshan and Eboliang belts is of gentle deformation during the Cenozoic and exhibits relatively complete distribution of three Mesozoic-Cenozoic tectonic layers containing whole geologic elements of gas system. The deep Jurassic source rocks within the sag are of larger thickness and stable distribution which is currently in the stage of gas generation suggesting gas accumulating at the later Himalaya stage. The faulted block structure of the lower tectonic layer in the Cenozoic era created a migration-accumulation system. The lower Youshashan Formation (N2 1) delta front sand bodies and mudstone layer above formed an ideal reservoir-cap assemblage, while the lacustrine mudstone and evaporite in the upper tectonic layer (N2 2, N2 3, Q) offered an ideal regional seal for gas pools. Analysis suggests that the Chahan anticline over source rock developed contemporaneously with major gas generation and is a potential large gas field. Subtle traps beneath the regional cover layers such as low amplitude anticlines, fault blocks, lithological traps on tectonic setting, and fault-sandstone combinations within sub-sags in the Pingdong Sag are favorable exploration areas for natural gas. This study also has reference significance for natural gas exploration in areas similar to the tectonics of the Qaidam Basin.
Guihong WANG , Yongshu ZHANG . The discovery of Chahan strike-slip anticline and prediction of favorable gas plays in the northern Qaidam Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2026 , 37(4) : 637 -650 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2025.10.011
图6 碱山构造碱3井下油砂山组下段井震资料解释与察罕地区地震相Fig.6 Comparison of seismic phase interpretation of the lower section of Xia Youshashan Formation of Well Jian3 in Jianshan structure and seismic facies of Chahan area |
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