Discussion on balance restoration of salt structure deformation and related problems in Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin
Received date: 2022-07-04
Revised date: 2022-11-22
Online published: 2023-05-06
Supported by
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFC0605505)
Kuqa Depression has developed two sets of Palaeogene and Neogene paste salt rocks, with trillion cubic meters of natural gas reserves in pre-salt Mesozoic, which is an important natural gas production area in China. The structural oil and gas reservoir of Lower Mesozoic in Kuqa Depression is the focus of oil and gas exploration. The analysis of salt structure style, salt structure deformation mechanism, salt structure balance recovery and deformation period analysis are the difficulties of salt structure research in Kuqa Depression. In this paper, using high-precision three-dimensional seismic splicing profile, drilling and regional geological data, two typical sections of the western and eastern sections of the Kuqa Depression are selected. The structural balance recovery is carried out by 3DMove software, and the structural deformation of the upper salt layer, the lower salt layer and the salt layer are restored respectively. The seismic profile before structural deformation is restored. In view of the specific problems in the recovery process, the salt structure recovery method, salt structure deformation characteristics, salt structure evolution, and salt structure deformation mechanism are discussed. The results show that the recovery of the salt layer needs to meet two basic assumptions: One is to ignore the amount of internal rock shortening caused by extrusion; the other is that the thickness of salt layer in the weakly deformed or undeformed area is approximately constant. Kuqa Depression developed two salt structures: Oligocene-Miocene (tectonic stable period) on the salt layer formation gravity difference induced early salt structure, developed salt dioper, salt mound structure. Oligocene to Miocene (tectonic stable period) overlying strata gravity difference induced the early salt structure, salt diapir, salt dome and other structures, Pliocene to Holocene (tectonic active period) destroyed and reformed the early salt structure, the development of extrusion salt structure. Extrusion action and plastic flow of salt layer are the main reasons for the formation of salt structure. The salt slip and unthrust fault develops in the upper salt layer, and the plastic deformation of the salt layer forms the salt anticline, salt mat and salt wall to develop in the lower salt layer, and the large structural wedge develops near the orogenic belt. Deposition differential load is the main factor inducing the formation of the early salt structure. The early salt structure such as salt mound and salt diopia mainly develops at the front end of the alluvial fan. The boundary of Mesozoic and base ancient uplift. The thickness and distribution range of the paste salt layer control the quantity and scale of the thrust cover structure development under the salt, and the west of Kuqa Depression is still the focus of oil and gas exploration. The overlying sedimentary zone from the Mesozoic boundary is conducive to the development and preservation of the formation of lithological oil and gas deposits, and it is an important field of oil and gas exploration.
Yunjiang DUAN , Shaoying HUANG , Caiming LUO , Tie ZHU , Huifang ZHANG , Zhenhong WANG , Hong LOU , Guo YANG , Siyu ZHOU , Chuan WANG . Discussion on balance restoration of salt structure deformation and related problems in Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2023 , 34(5) : 780 -793 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2022.11.006
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