Characteristics of unconformity and its effect on hydrocarbon accumulations in Guantao Formation in the southern high slope of Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin
Received date: 2019-03-24
Revised date: 2019-04-19
Online published: 2019-11-06
The unconformity surface at the bottom of Guantao Formation, as the main reservoir in the southern high slope of Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin, is far away from the oil source and the hydrocarbon is in step-migration mode dominantly. The macroscopical styles of this unconformity include the parallel-cutting type and the parallel-parallel type. Its two-layer microscopical structure consists of a lower semi-weathered leaching belt and an upper unconformity surface. The various lithology configurations around the unconformity are made up with four primary groups, being the upper sand and the lower mud, the upper conglomerate and the lower mud, the upper sand and the lower sand, the upper mud and the lower mud. The unconformity areas covered by the parallel-cutting macroscopical type, and by the groups of lithology configurations of the upper sand and the lower mud, the upper conglomerate and the lower mud, are the main one distributed for the hydrocarbon. On the basis of these features of the unconformity at the bottom of Guantao Formation, geological modelling was performed to reveal that as to the single unconformity reservoir, the key controlling elements of the accumulations are the two kinds of lithological configurations of the upper sand and the lower mud, and the upper conglomerate and the lower mud; and for the composite unconformity reservoir, two types of reservoir-forming modes are present, the unconformity lithology-fault controlled one when the fault is closed, and the unconformity lithology-paleotopography constrained one when the fault is open. As a result of the interplay of the unconformity surface and fault and paleotopography, this unconformity plays the role of transporting hydrocarbon and simultaneously has the use of accumulating oil and gas. The overall performance of binary composite functions controls the process of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation around the unconformity in the high slope. The formation of high-slope unconformity reservoirs is mainly controlled by lithology configurations between the upper and lower layers of the unconformity, followed by the fault opening-closing state and the paleotopographic tectonic background, which will provide a useful reference for the study and exploration of unconformity reservoirs in similar blocks.
Hong Zhang,Xian-zheng Zhao,Ju-feng Wang,Hai-tao Liu,Wen-ya Jiang,Chang-yi Zhao,Wei Zhang . Characteristics of unconformity and its effect on hydrocarbon accumulations in Guantao Formation in the southern high slope of Qikou Sag, Bohai Bay Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019 , 30(10) : 1465 -1476 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.04.013
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