Distribution characteristics,accumulation rules and exploration directions of deep water hydrocarbon in South Atlantic
Received date: 2015-04-22
Revised date: 2015-07-13
Online published: 2016-02-10
South Atlantic is one of the world deep water hydrocarbon exploration hotspots and is enriched in deep water resources.Based on oilgas fields data of international commercial databases statistical analysis and formation rules of coastal basins,it can be seen that deep water hydrocarbon of South Atlantic were distributed mainly in six basins in plane.To specify,they mainly located in rich salt basins in the middle section along strike direction,found more on extensional zone along transverse direction,accumulated in carbonate of transitional period and turbidite of drift period vertically.It is effective to utilize conjugate features analogy to explore deep water hydrocarbon in passive margin.Combining basin data and regional geological knowledge,this paper summarizes the following rules of deep water hydrocarbon accumulation in South Atlantic.(1)Deep water hydrocarbon were formed in three tectonic settings,which are extensional and compressional environments in containedhigh plastic body area,and open environment in nonhigh plastic body area.(2)Three sets of effective source rocks are inclusive,they are lacustrine mudstone in rifting period,marine shale in early and middlelate drift period.(3)Two sets of high quality reservoirs were formed,clastic rocks of delta and turbidite in postsalt and carbonate of lagoon facies in presalt.(4)Two types of regional thick cap rocks were owned,salt and marine shale.(5)A variety of genesis trap types were contained,such as structuralstratigraphic trap,structural trap,etc.(6)Deep water hydrocarbon migrated through fault in short distances and accumulated closely to hydrocarbon generation center.(7)Three sets of important deep water plays were formed,including Upper Cretaceous,Lower Cretaceous and Cenozoic.(8)Deep water hydrocarbon was generally accumulated in late period and was mainly formed in structuralstratigraphic and structural reservoir.According to the established different types of deep water hydrocarbon accumulation patterns,deep water hydrocarbon exploration directions with different structural sections were pointed out.It suggested concentration on proximal superimposed deep water fans of Upper Cretaceous in the north section,slope channels and thrust front of Tertiary in the equator section,postsalt turbidite of extensional zone and presalt carbonate of diaperthrust zone in the middle section,as well as slope channels associated with fault block of Upper Cretaceous in the south section.
Key words: South Atlantic; Passive continental margin; Deep water; West Africa; Eastern Brazil; Salt rocks; Play
Qin Yanqun,,Zhang Guangya,Liang Yingbo,Wen Zhixin,Wang Zhaoming,Zhang Lei,Ba Dan,Wang Yonghua . Distribution characteristics,accumulation rules and exploration directions of deep water hydrocarbon in South Atlantic[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2016 , 27(2) : 229 -240 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.16721926.2016.02.0229
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