Formation Conditions of Structural Lithological Oil and Gas Reservoirs and Exploratory Prospects in the Southwest of the Qaidam Basin, China

ZHANG  Xiao-Bao, PING   Zhong-Wei, ZHANG  Dao-Wei, WANG  Qi, TAO  Hui-Fei, WANG  Guo-Cang

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2011.02.240

2011 , Vol. 22 >Issue 2: 240 - 249

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2011.02.240

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Formation Conditions of Structural Lithological Oil and Gas Reservoirs and Exploratory Prospects in the Southwest of the Qaidam Basin, China

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1.Lanzhou Center of Petroleum Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences，Lanzhou 730000,China;
2.Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China;
3.Postgraduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;
4.Qinghai Oilfield Company, CNPC, Dunhuang 736202,China.

Received date: 2011-01-30

Revised date: 2011-04-13

Online published: 2011-04-10

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Abstract

E¹₃ of Southwestern Qaidam Basin possesses the geological conditions to form the structural lithologic reservoirs.Characteristics of source rocks and study of oil source correlation show that two large petroleum generative depressions, i.e., the Zhahaquan and Yingxiongling depressions, developed in the lower Tertiary, including two sets of effective source rocks of E¹₃ fand E²₃, providing the oil source conditions for the formation of structural lithologic reservoirs.The existence of three structural slopes of Hongliuquan-Yuejin, Tiemulike and the Kunbei fault step zone in Southwestern Qaidam basin, connecting the depressions of Zhahaquan and Yingxiongling, created large structural slope backgrounds for the formation of structural lithologic reservoirs.The Kunbei fault step zone and the Gasi faulted depression in Southwestern Qaidam basin have structures of fault anticlines, fault noses and so on aligned in belts, with downdip direction adjacent to petroleum generative depressions, providing the local structural slope backgrounds for the formation of structural lithologic reservoirs.In the backgrounds of regional and local structural slopes, Southwestern Qaidam basin existed braid delta and lacustrine facies depositional systems, and developed six braid deltas during the period of the lower Ganchaigouzu (E¹₃ ) Formation.There developed mouth bars, distal bars and sheet sands in delta front outer zones of Southwestern Qaidam basin mainly in the slope areas of structural traps in the Gasi fault depression where there are superior trap conditions and were the most favorable areas for the exploration of structural lithologic reservoirs.Delta fronts of Southwestern Qaidam basin developed underwater distributary channel sands in the slope belts of the Kunbei fault step zone and certain fault noses or fault anticlines of the Gasi fault depression, where there are rich oil source and poor sealing conditions and were more favorable for the exploration of structural lithologic reservoirs.

Key words： Reservoir formed condition; Structural lithologic reservoir; Southwestern Qaidam basin.

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ZHANG Xiao-Bao, PING Zhong-Wei, ZHANG Dao-Wei, WANG Qi, TAO Hui-Fei, WANG Guo-Cang . Formation Conditions of Structural Lithological Oil and Gas Reservoirs and Exploratory Prospects in the Southwest of the Qaidam Basin, China[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2011 , 22(2) : 240 -249 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2011.02.240

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