Gas Source of Carbon Dioxide and Its Degassing Model in Songliao Basin
Received date: 2009-12-30
Revised date: 2010-03-29
Online published: 2011-02-10
Normal hydrocarbon gas and CO2 coexist widely and a number of gas reservoirs with large volumes of carbon dioxide have been discovered in Songliao basin. Carbon dioxide can be sourced from inorganic, organic and mixed origins, in which the inorganic origin is dominated. Based on comprehensive analysis of carbon dioxide natural gas and regional geology, gas source of carbon dioxide and its degassing model are discussed. Study reveals that carbon dioxide in Songliao basin can be from mantle-derived magma, volcanic rocks, carbonate rocks and organic matters. Mantle-derived magma in crystalline basement, especially Cenozoic alkali basaltic magma, is the most significant gas source. Volcanic rocks in sedimentary cover are another significant gas source, and medium-acidic volcanic rocks of Yingcheng and Denglouku Formations could be principal gas source in east Changde gas pool. Carbonic-Permian carbonate rocks in metamorphic basement need more attention to study as gas source in future exploration. There are abundant organic matters in sedimentary cover and metamorphic basement, but its contribution to form large volumes of carbon dioxide accumulations is little. Degassing models varies with different gas sources. There are four types of degassing models for mantle-derived carbon dioxide to migrate into basins, including direct degassing through lithospheric faults from the upper mantle, degassing from mantle diapir bodies, degassing through low\|velocity and high\|conduction zones as intermediate repeater and basement faults, and after-releasing of absorbed gases by volcanic rocks. Degassing of carbonate rocks in contact and dynamic metamorphisms is favorable for carbon dioxide accumulations.
LI Zhen-Sheng, ZHANG Wen-Jun, WU Xiao-Qi, LIU De-Liang . Gas Source of Carbon Dioxide and Its Degassing Model in Songliao Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2011 , 22(1) : 29 -37 . DOI: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2011.01.29
［1］Lu Xuesong,Wang Zhaohong,Wei Lichun,et al.Origin and distribution patterns of carbon dioxide in the Songliao basin［J］.Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(1):97-101.［鲁雪松,王兆宏,魏立春,等.松辽盆地二氧化碳成因判识与分布规律［J］.石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):97-101.］
［2］Lu Xuesong,Song Yan,Liu Shaobo,et al.Distribution and migration-accumulation mechanism of mantle-derived CO2 in Songliao basin［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):661-666.［鲁雪松,宋岩,柳少波,等.松辽盆地幔源CO2分布规律与运聚成藏机制［J］.石油学报,2009,30(5):661-666.］
［3］Yang Huidong,Yao Ping,Zhang Xu,et al.Distribution of inorganic carbon dioxide in southern Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(5):634-638.［杨会东,姚萍,张旭,等.松辽盆地南部无机成因CO2成藏机制研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2008,19(5):634-638.］
［4］Mi Jingkui,Zhang Shuichang,Tao Shizhen,et al.Genesis and accumulation period of theCO2 in Changling fault depression of Songliao basin，northeastern China［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):452-456.［米敬奎,张水昌,陶士振,等.松辽盆地南部长岭断陷CO2成因与成藏期研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):452-456.］
［5］Lu Xuesong,Song Yan,Wang Zhaohong,et al.Origin and main control factors of CO2 in the Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(3):125-128.［鲁雪松,宋岩,王兆宏,等.松辽盆地二氧化碳成因及分布主控因素［J］.天然气工业,2009,29(3):125-128.］
［6］Dai Jinxing,Wen Hengfan,Song Yan.Natural gas of the mantle origin in Wudalianchi［J］.Experimental Petroleum Geology,1992,14(2):200-203.［戴金星,文亨范,宋岩.五大连池地幔成因的天然气［J］.石油实验地质,1992,14(2):200-203.］
［7］Song Yan.Origin of the natural gas in Wanjinta reservoir in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,1991,11(1):17-21.［宋岩.松辽盆地万金塔气藏天然气成因［J］.天然气工业,1991,11(1):17-21.］
［8］Qiu Songyu.The origin of carbon dioxide in Wanjinta gas reservoirs,southern Songliao basin［J］.Coal Techno1ogy of Northeast China,1992,(3):58-60.［裘松余.松辽盆地南部万金塔CO2气的成因［J］.东北煤炭技术,1992,(3):58-60.］
［9］Zhang Xiaodong.Analysis on genesis and accumulation law of carbon dioxide gas reservoirs in the northeastern areas of China［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(6):13-17,23.［张晓东.中国东北地区CO2气藏成因及聚集规律分析［J］.石油学报,2003,24(6):13-17,23.］
［10］Guo Zhangqian,Yang Buzeng,Li Xingjun,et al.Abiogenic gas reservoir modes found in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas industry,2000,20(6):30-33.［郭占谦,杨步增,李星军,等.松辽盆地无机成因气藏模式［J］.天然气工业,2000,20(6):30-33.］
［11］Shao Mingli,Men Jihua,Wei Zhiping.The genesis type and enrichment condition of theCO2in the southern part of Songliao basin［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2000,19(4):1-3.［邵明礼,门吉华,魏志平.松辽盆地南部二氧化碳成因类型及富集条件初探［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(4):1-3.］
［12］Zhang Juhe,Fang Wei,Li Jingkun,et al.Deep gases and their genetic types of the Xujiaweizi fault depression zone,Songliao basin and their contribution［J］.Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(4):579-589.［张居和,方伟,李景坤,等.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷深层天然气成因类型及各种成因气贡献［J］.地质学报,2009,83(4):579-589.］［13］Tan Ying,Zhang Changmu,Liu Deliang.Geochemical criterion of CO2origin of Changdedong gas deposit in north of Songliao basin［J］.Offshore Oil,2005,25(3):18-23.［谈迎,张长木,刘德良.松辽盆地北部昌德东气藏CO2成因的地球化学判据［J］.海洋石油,2005,25(3):18-23.］
［14］Huo Qiuli,Fu Li,Wang Xue.Origin and distribution of carbon dioxide(CO2) and helium(He) in the northern parts of Songliao basin［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,23(4):1-4.［霍秋立,付丽,王雪.松辽盆地北部CO2及He气成因与分布［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(4):1-4.］
［15］Pang Qingshan,Wang Lei,Zhao Rong,et al.Origin and mechanism of the forming of carbonate dioxide gas pool in Changde［J］.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2002,26(3):89-91.［庞庆山,王蕾,赵荣,等.松辽盆地北部昌德CO2气藏成因与形成机制［J］.大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(3):89-91.］
［16］Yang Yufeng,Zhang Qiu,Huang Haiping,et al.Abiogenic natural gases and their accumulation model in Xujiaweizi area,Songliao basin,northeast China［J］.Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(4):523-533.［杨玉峰,张秋,黄海平,等.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷无机成因天然气及其成藏模式［J］.地学前缘,2000,7(4):523-533.］
［17］Huo Qiuli,Yang Buzeng,Fu Li.Genesis of natural gas of eastern Changde gas pool in northern Songliao basin［J］.Petroleum Exploration and Development,1998,25(4):17-19.［霍秋立,杨步增,付丽.松辽盆地北部昌德东气藏天然气成因［J］.石油勘探与开发,1998,25(4):17-19.］
［18］Chen Xin,Wang Liming,Bai Mingxuan,et al.Factors controlling carbon dioxide gas distribution in abyss area of Songliao basin［J］.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1997,21(3):7-10.［陈昕,王黎明,白明轩,等.松辽盆地深源二氧化碳气分布及其控制因素［J］.大庆石油学院学报,1997,21(3):7-10.］
［19］Chi Yuanlin,Yun Jinbiao,Pang Qingshan.Geological mechanism of the formation of CO2 reservior of Xujiaweizi rift［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2000,19(3):1-3.［迟元林,云金表,庞庆山.徐家围子断陷CO2藏形成地质机制研究［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(3):1-3.］
［20］Yun Jinbiao,Pang Qingshan,Xu Baicheng,et al.Research on the formation condition of CO2 gas pool in the southern Songliao basin［J］.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2000,24(2):82-84.［云金表,庞庆山,徐佰承,等.松辽盆地南部CO2气藏的形成条件［J］.大庆石油学院学报,2000,24(2):82-84.］
［21］Zhang Xiaodong,Yang Yufeng,Yin Jinyin,et al.Origin and accumulation model of natural gases in Changde gas field,the Songliao basin［J］.Geoscience,2000,14(2):203-208.［张晓东,杨玉峰,殷进垠,等.松辽盆地昌德气田天然气成因及成藏模式［J］.现代地质,2000,14(2):203-208.］
［22］Fu Xiaofei,Song Yan.Inorganic gas and its resource in Songliao basin［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(4):23-28.［付晓飞,宋岩.松辽盆地无机成因气及气源模式［J］.石油学报,2005,26(4):23-28.］
［23］Liu Deliang,Yang Qiang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Prediction of abiogenetic CO2 accumulation zones in north Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2003,23(4):13-16.［刘德良,杨强,杨晓勇,等.松辽盆地北部无机成因CO2富集区带预测［J］.天然气工业,2003,23(4):13-16.］
［24］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Geological and geochemical characteristics of source rocks of carbon dioxide in deep strata of northern Songliao basin,northeast China［J］.Journal of the Geological Society of India,2008,71(2):189-200.
［25］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Carbon dioxide source rocks and its accumulation regularity in deep strata of northern Songliao basin［J］.Yunnan Geology,2006,25(4):406-407.［李振生,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.松辽盆地北部深层CO2源岩及其成矿规律［J］.云南地质,2006,25(4):406-407.］
［26］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Wu Xiaoqi,et al.Carbon dioxide source rocks and its degassing possibilities in northern Songliao basin［C］//Explortion of the Depth,Development of the West,Outlook of the World:The Proceeding of the 9th National Confenence of Mineral Deposits,China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2008:823-824.［李振生,刘德良,吴小齐,等.松辽盆地北部的CO2源岩及其生气潜力［C］//主攻深部 挺进西部 放眼世界——第九届全国矿床会议论文集.北京:地质出版社,2008:823-824.］
［27］Hou Qijun,Yang Yufeng.Abiogenetic natural gases in Songliao basin and their exploration prospects［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(3):5-10.［侯启军,杨玉峰.松辽盆地无机成因天然气及勘探方向探讨［J］.天然气工业,2002,22(3):5-10.］
［28］Fu Xiaofei,Yun Jinbiao,Lu Shuangfang,et al.Study on the enrichment laws of abiogenetic gas in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):14-17.［付晓飞,云金表,卢双舫,等.松辽盆地无机成因气富集规律研究［J］.天然气工业,2005,25(10):14-17.］
［29］Yang Guang,Xue linfu,Liu Zhenbiao,et al.Studies of deep geology with seismic section interpretation in Songliao basin［J］.Oil & Gas Geology,2001,22(4):326-330,336.［杨光,薛林福,刘振彪,等.松辽盆地深部地震剖面解释与深部地质研究［J］.石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):326-330,336.］
［30］Chi Yuanlin,Yun Jinbiao，Meng Qi′an,et al.Deep Structure,Dynamics and Petroleum Accumulation in Songliao Basin［M］.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.［迟元林,云金表,蒙启安,等.松辽盆地深部结构及成盆动力学与油气聚集［M］.北京:石油工业出版社,2002.］
［31］Gao Jun,Li Zhanlin,Li Qinxue.Crustal structure beneath northern Songliao basin and Songliao basin genesis mechanism［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2002,21(1):20-22.［高君,李占林,李勤学.松辽盆地北部深部地壳结构及盆地成因机制［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(1):20-22.］
［32］Yang Baojun,Tang Jianren,Li Qinxue,et al.Crustal reflection structure in the uplifting zone of Songliao basin and disconnecting Moho interface［J］.Science in China:Series D,Earth Sciences,2004,47(6):514-521.
［33］Yun Jinbiao,Yin Jinyin,Jin Zhijun.Deep geological feature and dynamic evolution of the Songliao basin［J］.Seismology and Geology,2003,25(4):595-608.［云金表,殷进垠,金之钧.松辽盆地深部地质特征及其盆地动力学演化［J］.地震地质,2002,25(4):595-608.］
［34］Wei Pingsheng,Zhang Jinglian,Zhang Huquan,et al.The deep crust structure features of the Songliao basin and their implications for the generation model of inorganic petroleum［J］.Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(5):1507-1513.［卫平生,张景廉,张虎权,等松辽盆地深部地壳构造特征与无机油气生成模式［J］.地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1507-1513.］
［35］Wang Baichang,Tan Ying,Liu Deliang.Leading passage of carbon dioxide reservoir in deep layer of north Songliao basin［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(2):42-46.［王佰长,谈迎,刘德良.松辽盆地北部深层二氧化碳的成藏疏导通道［J］.石油学报,2005,26(2):42-46.］
［36］Lowenstern J B.Carbon dioxide in magmas and implications for hydrothermal systems［J］.Mineralium Deposita,2001,36(6):490-502.
［37］Li Fuchun,Niu Jinchu,Jin Zhangdong.Contents of main volatiles in magma:Evidence from melt inclusions and quenched glasses［J］.2000,28(2):8-13.［李福春,朱金初,金章东.岩浆中主要挥发份含量：熔融包裹体和淬火玻璃证据［J］.地质地球化学,2000,28(2):8-13.］
［38］Dixon J E.Degassing of alkalic basalts［J］.American Mineralogist,1997,82(3/4):368-378.
［39］He Ying,Mao Jingwen,Wang Ruiting,et al.Carbon dioxide-rich and gold-bearing fluids degassed from mantle-derived magma-reality and possibility［J］.Earth Science Frontiers,2001,8(4):265-270.［赫英,毛景文,王瑞廷,等.幔源岩浆去气形成富二氧化碳含金流体——可能性与现实性［J］.地学前缘,2001,8(4):265-270.］
［40］Li Zhensheng,Wu Xiaoqi,Liu Deliang,et al.The research progress on CO2 degassing from mantle and magma［C］//Anhui Geological Society.Strengthening Geological Work and Promoting Social and Economic Development in Harmony.Hefei:Hefei University of Technology Publishing House,2007:24-29.［李振生,吴小奇,刘德良,等.地幔—岩浆脱CO2气作用的研究进展［C］//安徽地质学会.加强地质工作,促进社会经济和谐发展——2007年华东六省一市地学科技论坛.合肥:合肥工业大学出版社,2007:24-29.］［41］Wang P J,Ren Y G,Shan X L,et al.The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao basin,NE China:Relationship between volcanism and sedimentation［J］.Geological Journal,2002,37(2):97-115.
［42］Wang P J,Liu W Z,Wang S X,et al.40Ar/39Ar and K/Ar dating on the volcanic rocks in the Songliao basin,NE China:Constraints on stratigraphy and basin dynamics［J］.International Journal of Earth Sciences,2002,91(2):331-340.
［43］Wang P J,Feng Z Q,Mattern F,et al.Reservoir volcanic rocks:Geology and geochemistry,the Mesozoic non-marine Songliao basin,NE China［J］.J.Geosci.Res.NE Asia,2003,6(2):129-137.
［44］Wang P J,Chen F K,Chen S M,et al.Geochemical and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic composition of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Songliao basin,NE China［J］.Geochemical Journal,2006,40(2):149-159.
［45］Feng Zihui,Ren Yanguang,Wang Cheng,et al.Study on inclusion of deep buried igneous reservoir and forming period of gas pool in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(6):436-442.［
冯子辉,任延广,王成,等.松辽盆地深层火山岩储层包裹体及天然气成藏期研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):436-442.］
［46］Liu Jiaqi.The Cenozoic volcanic episodes in northeast China［J］.Acta Petrologica Sinica,1988,4(1):1-10.［刘嘉麒.中国东北地区新生代火山幕［J］.岩石学报, 1988,4(1):1-10.］
［47］Morner N A,Etiope G.Carbon degassing from the lithosphere［J］.Global and Planetary Change,2002,33(1/2):185-203.
［48］Lu Xuesong,Song Yan,Liu Shaobo,et al.Progress in the studies of mantle-derived CO2 degassing mechanism,degassing model and pool-forming mechanism［J］.Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(6):293-302.［鲁雪松,宋岩,柳少波,等.幔源CO2释出机理、脱气模式及成藏机制研究进展［J］.地学前缘,2008,15(6):293-302.］
［49］Wang Xingmou,Qiu Longwei,Jiang Zaixing,et al.The relativity of igneous activity and ［1］Lu Xuesong,Wang Zhaohong,Wei Lichun,et al.Origin and distribution patterns of carbon dioxide in the Songliao basin［J］.Oil & Gas Geology,2009,30(1):97-101.［鲁雪松,王兆宏,魏立春,等.松辽盆地二氧化碳成因判识与分布规律［J］.石油与天然气地质,2009,30(1):97-101.］
［2］Lu Xuesong,Song Yan,Liu Shaobo,et al.Distribution and migration-accumulation mechanism of mantle-derived CO2 in Songliao basin［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(5):661-666.［鲁雪松,宋岩,柳少波,等.松辽盆地幔源CO2分布规律与运聚成藏机制［J］.石油学报,2009,30(5):661-666.］
［3］Yang Huidong,Yao Ping,Zhang Xu,et al.Distribution of inorganic carbon dioxide in southern Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(5):634-638.［杨会东,姚萍,张旭,等.松辽盆地南部无机成因CO2成藏机制研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2008,19(5):634-638.］
［4］Mi Jingkui,Zhang Shuichang,Tao Shizhen,et al.Genesis and accumulation period of theCO2 in Changling fault depression of Songliao basin，northeastern China［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(4):452-456.［米敬奎,张水昌,陶士振,等.松辽盆地南部长岭断陷CO2成因与成藏期研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2008,19(4):452-456.］
［5］Lu Xuesong,Song Yan,Wang Zhaohong,et al.Origin and main control factors of CO2 in the Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2009,29(3):125-128.［鲁雪松,宋岩,王兆宏,等.松辽盆地二氧化碳成因及分布主控因素［J］.天然气工业,2009,29(3):125-128.］
［6］Dai Jinxing,Wen Hengfan,Song Yan.Natural gas of the mantle origin in Wudalianchi［J］.Experimental Petroleum Geology,1992,14(2):200-203.［戴金星,文亨范,宋岩.五大连池地幔成因的天然气［J］.石油实验地质,1992,14(2):200-203.］
［7］Song Yan.Origin of the natural gas in Wanjinta reservoir in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,1991,11(1):17-21.［宋岩.松辽盆地万金塔气藏天然气成因［J］.天然气工业,1991,11(1):17-21.］
［8］Qiu Songyu.The origin of carbon dioxide in Wanjinta gas reservoirs,southern Songliao basin［J］.Coal Techno1ogy of Northeast China,1992,(3):58-60.［裘松余.松辽盆地南部万金塔CO2气的成因［J］.东北煤炭技术,1992,(3):58-60.］
［9］Zhang Xiaodong.Analysis on genesis and accumulation law of carbon dioxide gas reservoirs in the northeastern areas of China［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(6):13-17,23.［张晓东.中国东北地区CO2气藏成因及聚集规律分析［J］.石油学报,2003,24(6):13-17,23.］
［10］Guo Zhangqian,Yang Buzeng,Li Xingjun,et al.Abiogenic gas reservoir modes found in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas industry,2000,20(6):30-33.［郭占谦,杨步增,李星军,等.松辽盆地无机成因气藏模式［J］.天然气工业,2000,20(6):30-33.］
［11］Shao Mingli,Men Jihua,Wei Zhiping.The genesis type and enrichment condition of theCO2in the southern part of Songliao basin［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2000,19(4):1-3.［邵明礼,门吉华,魏志平.松辽盆地南部二氧化碳成因类型及富集条件初探［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(4):1-3.］
［12］Zhang Juhe,Fang Wei,Li Jingkun,et al.Deep gases and their genetic types of the Xujiaweizi fault depression zone,Songliao basin and their contribution［J］.Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(4):579-589.［张居和,方伟,李景坤,等.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷深层天然气成因类型及各种成因气贡献［J］.地质学报,2009,83(4):579-589.］［13］Tan Ying,Zhang Changmu,Liu Deliang.Geochemical criterion of CO2origin of Changdedong gas deposit in north of Songliao basin［J］.Offshore Oil,2005,25(3):18-23.［谈迎,张长木,刘德良.松辽盆地北部昌德东气藏CO2成因的地球化学判据［J］.海洋石油,2005,25(3):18-23.］
［14］Huo Qiuli,Fu Li,Wang Xue.Origin and distribution of carbon dioxide(CO2) and helium(He) in the northern parts of Songliao basin［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2004,23(4):1-4.［霍秋立,付丽,王雪.松辽盆地北部CO2及He气成因与分布［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(4):1-4.］
［15］Pang Qingshan,Wang Lei,Zhao Rong,et al.Origin and mechanism of the forming of carbonate dioxide gas pool in Changde［J］.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2002,26(3):89-91.［庞庆山,王蕾,赵荣,等.松辽盆地北部昌德CO2气藏成因与形成机制［J］.大庆石油学院学报,2002,26(3):89-91.］
［16］Yang Yufeng,Zhang Qiu,Huang Haiping,et al.Abiogenic natural gases and their accumulation model in Xujiaweizi area,Songliao basin,northeast China［J］.Earth Science Frontiers,2000,7(4):523-533.［杨玉峰,张秋,黄海平,等.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷无机成因天然气及其成藏模式［J］.地学前缘,2000,7(4):523-533.］
［17］Huo Qiuli,Yang Buzeng,Fu Li.Genesis of natural gas of eastern Changde gas pool in northern Songliao basin［J］.Petroleum Exploration and Development,1998,25(4):17-19.［霍秋立,杨步增,付丽.松辽盆地北部昌德东气藏天然气成因［J］.石油勘探与开发,1998,25(4):17-19.］
［18］Chen Xin,Wang Liming,Bai Mingxuan,et al.Factors controlling carbon dioxide gas distribution in abyss area of Songliao basin［J］.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,1997,21(3):7-10.［陈昕,王黎明,白明轩,等.松辽盆地深源二氧化碳气分布及其控制因素［J］.大庆石油学院学报,1997,21(3):7-10.］
［19］Chi Yuanlin,Yun Jinbiao,Pang Qingshan.Geological mechanism of the formation of CO2 reservior of Xujiaweizi rift［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2000,19(3):1-3.［迟元林,云金表,庞庆山.徐家围子断陷CO2藏形成地质机制研究［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2000,19(3):1-3.］
［20］Yun Jinbiao,Pang Qingshan,Xu Baicheng,et al.Research on the formation condition of CO2 gas pool in the southern Songliao basin［J］.Journal of Daqing Petroleum Institute,2000,24(2):82-84.［云金表,庞庆山,徐佰承,等.松辽盆地南部CO2气藏的形成条件［J］.大庆石油学院学报,2000,24(2):82-84.］
［21］Zhang Xiaodong,Yang Yufeng,Yin Jinyin,et al.Origin and accumulation model of natural gases in Changde gas field,the Songliao basin［J］.Geoscience,2000,14(2):203-208.［张晓东,杨玉峰,殷进垠,等.松辽盆地昌德气田天然气成因及成藏模式［J］.现代地质,2000,14(2):203-208.］
［22］Fu Xiaofei,Song Yan.Inorganic gas and its resource in Songliao basin［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(4):23-28.［付晓飞,宋岩.松辽盆地无机成因气及气源模式［J］.石油学报,2005,26(4):23-28.］
［23］Liu Deliang,Yang Qiang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Prediction of abiogenetic CO2 accumulation zones in north Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2003,23(4):13-16.［刘德良,杨强,杨晓勇,等.松辽盆地北部无机成因CO2富集区带预测［J］.天然气工业,2003,23(4):13-16.］
［24］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Geological and geochemical characteristics of source rocks of carbon dioxide in deep strata of northern Songliao basin,northeast China［J］.Journal of the Geological Society of India,2008,71(2):189-200.
［25］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Carbon dioxide source rocks and its accumulation regularity in deep strata of northern Songliao basin［J］.Yunnan Geology,2006,25(4):406-407.［李振生,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.松辽盆地北部深层CO2源岩及其成矿规律［J］.云南地质,2006,25(4):406-407.］
［26］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Wu Xiaoqi,et al.Carbon dioxide source rocks and its degassing possibilities in northern Songliao basin［C］//Explortion of the Depth,Development of the West,Outlook of the World:The Proceeding of the 9th National Confenence of Mineral Deposits,China.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2008:823-824.［李振生,刘德良,吴小齐,等.松辽盆地北部的CO2源岩及其生气潜力［C］//主攻深部 挺进西部 放眼世界——第九届全国矿床会议论文集.北京:地质出版社,2008:823-824.］
［27］Hou Qijun,Yang Yufeng.Abiogenetic natural gases in Songliao basin and their exploration prospects［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2002,22(3):5-10.［侯启军,杨玉峰.松辽盆地无机成因天然气及勘探方向探讨［J］.天然气工业,2002,22(3):5-10.］
［28］Fu Xiaofei,Yun Jinbiao,Lu Shuangfang,et al.Study on the enrichment laws of abiogenetic gas in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,2005,25(10):14-17.［付晓飞,云金表,卢双舫,等.松辽盆地无机成因气富集规律研究［J］.天然气工业,2005,25(10):14-17.］
［29］Yang Guang,Xue linfu,Liu Zhenbiao,et al.Studies of deep geology with seismic section interpretation in Songliao basin［J］.Oil & Gas Geology,2001,22(4):326-330,336.［杨光,薛林福,刘振彪,等.松辽盆地深部地震剖面解释与深部地质研究［J］.石油与天然气地质,2001,22(4):326-330,336.］
［30］Chi Yuanlin,Yun Jinbiao，Meng Qi′an,et al.Deep Structure,Dynamics and Petroleum Accumulation in Songliao Basin［M］.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2002.［迟元林,云金表,蒙启安,等.松辽盆地深部结构及成盆动力学与油气聚集［M］.北京:石油工业出版社,2002.］
［31］Gao Jun,Li Zhanlin,Li Qinxue.Crustal structure beneath northern Songliao basin and Songliao basin genesis mechanism［J］.Petroleum Geology & Oilfield Development in Daqing,2002,21(1):20-22.［高君,李占林,李勤学.松辽盆地北部深部地壳结构及盆地成因机制［J］.大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(1):20-22.］
［32］Yang Baojun,Tang Jianren,Li Qinxue,et al.Crustal reflection structure in the uplifting zone of Songliao basin and disconnecting Moho interface［J］.Science in China:Series D,Earth Sciences,2004,47(6):514-521.
［33］Yun Jinbiao,Yin Jinyin,Jin Zhijun.Deep geological feature and dynamic evolution of the Songliao basin［J］.Seismology and Geology,2003,25(4):595-608.［云金表,殷进垠,金之钧.松辽盆地深部地质特征及其盆地动力学演化［J］.地震地质,2002,25(4):595-608.］
［34］Wei Pingsheng,Zhang Jinglian,Zhang Huquan,et al.The deep crust structure features of the Songliao basin and their implications for the generation model of inorganic petroleum［J］.Progress in Geophysics,2008,23(5):1507-1513.［卫平生,张景廉,张虎权,等松辽盆地深部地壳构造特征与无机油气生成模式［J］.地球物理学进展,2008,23(5):1507-1513.］
［35］Wang Baichang,Tan Ying,Liu Deliang.Leading passage of carbon dioxide reservoir in deep layer of north Songliao basin［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(2):42-46.［王佰长,谈迎,刘德良.松辽盆地北部深层二氧化碳的成藏疏导通道［J］.石油学报,2005,26(2):42-46.］
［36］Lowenstern J B.Carbon dioxide in magmas and implications for hydrothermal systems［J］.Mineralium Deposita,2001,36(6):490-502.
［37］Li Fuchun,Niu Jinchu,Jin Zhangdong.Contents of main volatiles in magma:Evidence from melt inclusions and quenched glasses［J］.2000,28(2):8-13.［李福春,朱金初,金章东.岩浆中主要挥发份含量：熔融包裹体和淬火玻璃证据［J］.地质地球化学,2000,28(2):8-13.］
［38］Dixon J E.Degassing of alkalic basalts［J］.American Mineralogist,1997,82(3/4):368-378.
［39］He Ying,Mao Jingwen,Wang Ruiting,et al.Carbon dioxide-rich and gold-bearing fluids degassed from mantle-derived magma-reality and possibility［J］.Earth Science Frontiers,2001,8(4):265-270.［赫英,毛景文,王瑞廷,等.幔源岩浆去气形成富二氧化碳含金流体——可能性与现实性［J］.地学前缘,2001,8(4):265-270.］
［40］Li Zhensheng,Wu Xiaoqi,Liu Deliang,et al.The research progress on CO2 degassing from mantle and magma［C］//Anhui Geological Society.Strengthening Geological Work and Promoting Social and Economic Development in Harmony.Hefei:Hefei University of Technology Publishing House,2007:24-29.［李振生,吴小奇,刘德良,等.地幔—岩浆脱CO2气作用的研究进展［C］//安徽地质学会.加强地质工作,促进社会经济和谐发展——2007年华东六省一市地学科技论坛.合肥:合肥工业大学出版社,2007:24-29.］［41］Wang P J,Ren Y G,Shan X L,et al.The Cretaceous volcanic succession around the Songliao basin,NE China:Relationship between volcanism and sedimentation［J］.Geological Journal,2002,37(2):97-115.
［42］Wang P J,Liu W Z,Wang S X,et al.40Ar/39Ar and K/Ar dating on the volcanic rocks in the Songliao basin,NE China:Constraints on stratigraphy and basin dynamics［J］.International Journal of Earth Sciences,2002,91(2):331-340.
［43］Wang P J,Feng Z Q,Mattern F,et al.Reservoir volcanic rocks:Geology and geochemistry,the Mesozoic non-marine Songliao basin,NE China［J］.J.Geosci.Res.NE Asia,2003,6(2):129-137.
［44］Wang P J,Chen F K,Chen S M,et al.Geochemical and Nd-Sr-Pb isotopic composition of Mesozoic volcanic rocks in the Songliao basin,NE China［J］.Geochemical Journal,2006,40(2):149-159.
［45］Feng Zihui,Ren Yanguang,Wang Cheng,et al.Study on inclusion of deep buried igneous reservoir and forming period of gas pool in Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(6):436-442.［
冯子辉,任延广,王成,等.松辽盆地深层火山岩储层包裹体及天然气成藏期研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2003,14(6):436-442.］
［46］Liu Jiaqi.The Cenozoic volcanic episodes in northeast China［J］.Acta Petrologica Sinica,1988,4(1):1-10.［刘嘉麒.中国东北地区新生代火山幕［J］.岩石学报, 1988,4(1):1-10.］
［47］Morner N A,Etiope G.Carbon degassing from the lithosphere［J］.Global and Planetary Change,2002,33(1/2):185-203.
［48］Lu Xuesong,Song Yan,Liu Shaobo,et al.Progress in the studies of mantle-derived CO2 degassing mechanism,degassing model and pool-forming mechanism［J］.Earth Science Frontiers,2008,15(6):293-302.［鲁雪松,宋岩,柳少波,等.幔源CO2释出机理、脱气模式及成藏机制研究进展［J］.地学前缘,2008,15(6):293-302.］
［49］Wang Xingmou,Qiu Longwei,Jiang Zaixing,et al.The relativity of igneous activity and CO2 gas reservoir in Jiyang depression［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(4):422-427.［王兴谋,邱隆伟,姜在兴,等.济阳坳陷火山活动和CO2气藏的关系研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2004,15(4):422-427.］
［50］Liu Deliang,Li Zhensheng,Sun Yan,et al.Degassing parameter of carbon dioxide in volcanic rocks in the northern Songliao basin and its significance in forecasting geological resource of carbon dioxide［J］.Geological Journal of China Universities,2006,12(2):223-227.［刘德良,李振生,孙岩,等.松辽盆地北部火山岩CO2脱气参数及其对CO2资源量估算的意义［J］.高校地质学报,2006,12(2):223-227.］
［51］Liu Deliang,Li Zhensheng,Liu Bo,et al.Potential to form CO2 reservoirs through adsorption of CO2 by volcanic rocks and case study［J］.Geological Bulletin of China,2005,24(10/11):962-967.［刘德良,李振生,刘波,等.火山岩吸附CO2气的成藏潜力及实例分析［J］.地质通报,2005,24(10/11):962-967.］
［52］Guan Xiaoru.Genesis of carbon dioxide with high purity in east China［J］.Experimental Petroleum Geology,1990,12(3):248-258.［关效如.我国东部高纯二氧化碳成因［J］.石油实验地质,1990,12(3):248-258.］
［53］Yang Xiaoyong,Liu Deliang,Wang Baichang,et al.Study on formation of inorganic carbon dioxide gas reservoirs［J］.Experimental Petroleum Geology,2007,29(2):154-161.［杨晓勇,刘德良,王佰长,等.无机成因二氧化碳气成藏研究［J］.石油实验地质,2007,29(2):154-161.］
［54］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Tan Ying,et al.“Self-generation and Self-accumulation” gas accumulation model for the east Changde CO2 gas pool in northern Songliao basin［J］.Mineral Deposits,2006,25(supplement):229-232.［李振生,刘德良,谈迎,等.松辽盆地北部昌德东CO2气藏的自生自储成藏模式［J］.矿床地质,2006,25(增刊):229-232.］［55］Guo Zhanqian,Wang Xianbin.The discussion on abiogenic gas in Songliao basin［J］.Science in China:Series B,1994,24(3):303-309.［郭占谦,王先彬.松辽盆地非生物成因气的探讨［J］.中国科学：B辑,1994,24(3):303-309.］
［56］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.The element distributing relation and the ability of CO2 released of carbonate contact metamorphic belts in Sunjiayao area,the northeast edge of the Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(1):20-27.［李振生,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.松辽盆地东北缘孙家窑地区碳酸盐岩接触变质带元素分配关系和CO2定量释放［J］.天然气地球科学,2004,15(1):20-27.］
［57］Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Heilongjiang Province.Regional Geology of Heilongjiang Province［M］.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1993.［黑龙江省地质矿产局.黑龙江省区域地质志［M］.北京:地质出版社,1993.］
［58］Zhu Yuenian,Wu Xinnian.Geological Research on Carbon Dioxide［M］.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University Press,1994.［朱岳年,吴新年.二氧化碳地质研究［M］.兰州:兰州大学出版社,1994.］
［59］Sun Yan,Dai Jinxing.Preliminary study on combination type of hotspring gas and its origin in eastern China［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,1991,2(5):199-202,208.［宋岩,戴金星.中国东部温泉气的组合类型及其成因初探［J］.天然气地球科学,1991,2(5):199-202,208.］
［60］Hutcheon I,Abercrombie H.Carbon-dioxide in clastic rocks and silicate hydrolysis［J］.Geology,1990,18(6):541-544.
［61］Tao Shizhen,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Generation mechanism of natural gas from contact metamorphism［J］.Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2000，23(1):1-9.［陶士振,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.接触变质型天然气的形成机制［J］.天然气勘探与开发,2000,23(1):1-9.］
［62］Tao Shizhen,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Analysis of natural gas originating from dynamic metamorphism［J］.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2000,24(1):24-30.［陶士振,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.动力变质作用形成的天然气分析［J］.大地构造与成矿学,2000,24(1):24-30.］
［63］Yang Xiaoyong,Liu Deliang,Chen Yongjian,et al.Reservior formation model for inorganic natural gas under contact metamorphism:Exemplified as Shuangshan area in the south of Tanlu fault belt［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(6):18-23.［杨晓勇,刘德良,陈永见,等.接触变质作用条件下无机天然气成藏模型——以郯庐断裂带南段双山为例［J］.石油学报,2003,24(6):18-23.］
［64］Yang Xiaoyong,Liu Deliang,Zhang Jiaodong,et al.Study on the element migrations and CO2 releasing in the Shuangshan ductile-brittle shear zone from the south Tan-lu fault belt［J］.Acta Geologica Sinica,2002,76(3):335-346.［杨晓勇,刘德良,张交东,等.郯庐断裂带南段双山韧—脆性剪切带物质迁移与CO2释放研究［J］.地质学报,2002,76(3):335-346.］
［65］Yang Jiliang,Zhang Shuying.Types and enrichment conditions of natural gas in northern Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,1990,10(3):1-6.［杨继良,张淑英.松辽盆地北部天然气的类型与富集条件［J］.天然气工业,1990,10(3):1-6.］
［66］Feng Zihui,Sun Chun1in,Liu Wei,et al.Organic geochemistry of epimetamorphic rock in basement of the Songliao basin［J］.Geochimica,2005,34(1):73-78.［冯子辉,孙春林,刘伟,等.松辽盆地基底浅变质岩的有机地球化学特征［J］.地球化学,2005,34(1):73-78.］
［67］Liu Wei,Liu Anying.Genetic types and source correlation of natural gases in volcanic reservoir of the Xujiaweizi fault-depression,Songliao basin［J］.Chinese Journal of Geology,2009,44(2):571-584.［刘伟,刘安英.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷火山岩气藏天然气成因类型和气源对比［J］.地质科学,2009,44(2):571-584.］
［68］RenYanguang,Zhu Defeng,Wan Chuanbiao,et al.Geological characteristics of deep layers in northern part of Songliao basin and orientation for natural gas exploration［J］.China Petroleum Exploration,2004,9(4):12-18,22.［任延广,朱德丰,万传彪,等.松辽盆地北部深层地质特征与天然气勘探方向［J］.中国石油勘探,2004,9(4):12-18,22.］
［69］Pankina R G.Origin of CO2 in petroleum gases(from the isotopic composition of carbon)［J］.International Geology Review,1978,21(5):535-539.
［70］Farmer R E.Genesis of subsurface carbon dioxide［J］.AAPG Memoir 4:Fluids in Surface Environment,1965:378-385.
［71］Barker C,Takach N E.Prediction of natural gas composition in ultradeep sandstone reservoirs［J］.AAPG Bulletin,1992,76(12):1859-1873.
［72］Hunt J M.Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology［M］.San Francisco:William Freeman and Company,1979.
［73］Stolper E,Fine G,Johnson T,et al.Solubility of carbon dioxide in albitic melt［J］.American Mineralogist,1987,72(11/12):1071-1085.
［74］Harwood R J.Oil and gas generation by laboratory pyrolysis of kerogen［J］.AAPG Bulletin,1977,61(12):2081-2102. gas reservoir in Jiyang depression［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(4):422-427.［王兴谋,邱隆伟,姜在兴,等.济阳坳陷火山活动和CO2气藏的关系研究［J］.天然气地球科学,2004,15(4):422-427.］
［50］Liu Deliang,Li Zhensheng,Sun Yan,et al.Degassing parameter of carbon dioxide in volcanic rocks in the northern Songliao basin and its significance in forecasting geological resource of carbon dioxide［J］.Geological Journal of China Universities,2006,12(2):223-227.［刘德良,李振生,孙岩,等.松辽盆地北部火山岩CO2脱气参数及其对CO2资源量估算的意义［J］.高校地质学报,2006,12(2):223-227.］
［51］Liu Deliang,Li Zhensheng,Liu Bo,et al.Potential to form CO2 reservoirs through adsorption of CO2 by volcanic rocks and case study［J］.Geological Bulletin of China,2005,24(10/11):962-967.［刘德良,李振生,刘波,等.火山岩吸附CO2气的成藏潜力及实例分析［J］.地质通报,2005,24(10/11):962-967.］
［52］Guan Xiaoru.Genesis of carbon dioxide with high purity in east China［J］.Experimental Petroleum Geology,1990,12(3):248-258.［关效如.我国东部高纯二氧化碳成因［J］.石油实验地质,1990,12(3):248-258.］
［53］Yang Xiaoyong,Liu Deliang,Wang Baichang,et al.Study on formation of inorganic carbon dioxide gas reservoirs［J］.Experimental Petroleum Geology,2007,29(2):154-161.［杨晓勇,刘德良,王佰长,等.无机成因二氧化碳气成藏研究［J］.石油实验地质,2007,29(2):154-161.］
［54］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Tan Ying,et al.“Self-generation and Self-accumulation” gas accumulation model for the east Changde CO2 gas pool in northern Songliao basin［J］.Mineral Deposits,2006,25(supplement):229-232.［李振生,刘德良,谈迎,等.松辽盆地北部昌德东CO2气藏的自生自储成藏模式［J］.矿床地质,2006,25(增刊):229-232.］［55］Guo Zhanqian,Wang Xianbin.The discussion on abiogenic gas in Songliao basin［J］.Science in China:Series B,1994,24(3):303-309.［郭占谦,王先彬.松辽盆地非生物成因气的探讨［J］.中国科学：B辑,1994,24(3):303-309.］
［56］Li Zhensheng,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.The element distributing relation and the ability of CO2 released of carbonate contact metamorphic belts in Sunjiayao area,the northeast edge of the Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2004,15(1):20-27.［李振生,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.松辽盆地东北缘孙家窑地区碳酸盐岩接触变质带元素分配关系和CO2定量释放［J］.天然气地球科学,2004,15(1):20-27.］
［57］Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of Heilongjiang Province.Regional Geology of Heilongjiang Province［M］.Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1993.［黑龙江省地质矿产局.黑龙江省区域地质志［M］.北京:地质出版社,1993.］
［58］Zhu Yuenian,Wu Xinnian.Geological Research on Carbon Dioxide［M］.Lanzhou:Lanzhou University Press,1994.［朱岳年,吴新年.二氧化碳地质研究［M］.兰州:兰州大学出版社,1994.］
［59］Sun Yan,Dai Jinxing.Preliminary study on combination type of hotspring gas and its origin in eastern China［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,1991,2(5):199-202,208.［宋岩,戴金星.中国东部温泉气的组合类型及其成因初探［J］.天然气地球科学,1991,2(5):199-202,208.］
［60］Hutcheon I,Abercrombie H.Carbon-dioxide in clastic rocks and silicate hydrolysis［J］.Geology,1990,18(6):541-544.
［61］Tao Shizhen,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Generation mechanism of natural gas from contact metamorphism［J］.Natural Gas Exploration and Development,2000，23(1):1-9.［陶士振,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.接触变质型天然气的形成机制［J］.天然气勘探与开发,2000,23(1):1-9.］
［62］Tao Shizhen,Liu Deliang,Yang Xiaoyong,et al.Analysis of natural gas originating from dynamic metamorphism［J］.Geotectonica et Metallogenia,2000,24(1):24-30.［陶士振,刘德良,杨晓勇,等.动力变质作用形成的天然气分析［J］.大地构造与成矿学,2000,24(1):24-30.］
［63］Yang Xiaoyong,Liu Deliang,Chen Yongjian,et al.Reservior formation model for inorganic natural gas under contact metamorphism:Exemplified as Shuangshan area in the south of Tanlu fault belt［J］.Acta Petrolei Sinica,2003,24(6):18-23.［杨晓勇,刘德良,陈永见,等.接触变质作用条件下无机天然气成藏模型——以郯庐断裂带南段双山为例［J］.石油学报,2003,24(6):18-23.］
［64］Yang Xiaoyong,Liu Deliang,Zhang Jiaodong,et al.Study on the element migrations and CO2 releasing in the Shuangshan ductile-brittle shear zone from the south Tan-lu fault belt［J］.Acta Geologica Sinica,2002,76(3):335-346.［杨晓勇,刘德良,张交东,等.郯庐断裂带南段双山韧—脆性剪切带物质迁移与CO2释放研究［J］.地质学报,2002,76(3):335-346.］
［65］Yang Jiliang,Zhang Shuying.Types and enrichment conditions of natural gas in northern Songliao basin［J］.Natural Gas Industry,1990,10(3):1-6.［杨继良,张淑英.松辽盆地北部天然气的类型与富集条件［J］.天然气工业,1990,10(3):1-6.］
［66］Feng Zihui,Sun Chun1in,Liu Wei,et al.Organic geochemistry of epimetamorphic rock in basement of the Songliao basin［J］.Geochimica,2005,34(1):73-78.［冯子辉,孙春林,刘伟,等.松辽盆地基底浅变质岩的有机地球化学特征［J］.地球化学,2005,34(1):73-78.］
［67］Liu Wei,Liu Anying.Genetic types and source correlation of natural gases in volcanic reservoir of the Xujiaweizi fault-depression,Songliao basin［J］.Chinese Journal of Geology,2009,44(2):571-584.［刘伟,刘安英.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷火山岩气藏天然气成因类型和气源对比［J］.地质科学,2009,44(2):571-584.］
［68］RenYanguang,Zhu Defeng,Wan Chuanbiao,et al.Geological characteristics of deep layers in northern part of Songliao basin and orientation for natural gas exploration［J］.China Petroleum Exploration,2004,9(4):12-18,22.［任延广,朱德丰,万传彪,等.松辽盆地北部深层地质特征与天然气勘探方向［J］.中国石油勘探,2004,9(4):12-18,22.］
［69］Pankina R G.Origin of CO2 in petroleum gases(from the isotopic composition of carbon)［J］.International Geology Review,1978,21(5):535-539.
［70］Farmer R E.Genesis of subsurface carbon dioxide［J］.AAPG Memoir 4:Fluids in Surface Environment,1965:378-385.
［71］Barker C,Takach N E.Prediction of natural gas composition in ultradeep sandstone reservoirs［J］.AAPG Bulletin,1992,76(12):1859-1873.
［72］Hunt J M.Petroleum Geochemistry and Geology［M］.San Francisco:William Freeman and Company,1979.
［73］Stolper E,Fine G,Johnson T,et al.Solubility of carbon dioxide in albitic melt［J］.American Mineralogist,1987,72(11/12):1071-1085.
［74］Harwood R J.Oil and gas generation by laboratory pyrolysis of kerogen［J］.AAPG Bulletin,1977,61(12):2081-2102.
/
| 〈 |
|
〉 |
甘公网安备 62010202000678号