Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (11): 1768-1784.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2022.05.002

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Genetic type of coal seams and its control on pore evolution of coal-glutenite: Case study of Badaowan Formation in Mahu area,Junggar Basin

Xiangchao MENG(),Yang DOU(),Bing SONG,Yang CHEN,Xiguang CHEN,Yazhe LI,Bo PENG,Junfeng YI   

  1. PetroChina Hangzhou Institute of Geology,Hangzhou 310023,China
  • Received:2022-03-03 Revised:2022-04-28 Online:2022-11-10 Published:2022-11-23
  • Contact: Yang DOU E-mail:mengxc_hz@petrochina.com.cn;douy_hz@petrochina.com.cn
  • Supported by:
    The China National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX05001-002);the Forward-looking Research Project of CNPC during the “14th Five Year Plan”(2021DJ0402)

Abstract:

To explore the differences in the different types of coal seam of coal glutenite geological response, and the influence on adjacent glutenite porosity evolution, based on the comprehensive analysis of field outcrop, sporopollen combination, well-seismic profile, core phase sequence, logging response, scanning electron microscopy, electron probe energy spectrum, and burial history-organic evolution history-pore evolution history, this paper discussed the differences between wide coal seam in early TST and limited coal seam in HST & LST developed in coal-glutenite in Badaowan Formation(J1b), Mahu Sag, Junggar Basin. It suggested that the wide coal seam in early TST is at the peak of humic acid discharge. The influence on the percolation performance of adjacent conglomerate reservoir is mainly inhibitory, and the high rigid particle content is conducive to the preservation of pores. The results show that the J1b in Mahu area has two genetic coal-seams: wide coal seam in early TST and Limited coal seam in HST & LST. In the early lacustrine transgression period, wide coal seam in early TST was developed in the early TST of lacustrine transgression system domain. The coal quality was uniform, the overlying gravel was strongly terrigenous blocking deposition, and the roof layer was in sudden phase sequence contact. Its distribution is controlled mainly by the reactivation of basin boundary faults represented by thrust faults type I and type II and the oscillatory subsidence of basin basement. It is mainly distributed near the first lake flooding surface near the basin area, and the logging response is extremely high RT, low DEN and low GR. Limited coal seam in HST & LST is developed mainly in the middle LST of low system domain and HST of high system domain, and the impurity of coal is mostly sandwiched in the fine sediment of still water, and the contact between the roof layer and the floor layer is in gradual phase sequence. It is distributed in low energy phases such as interfan/interchannel phases with weak hydrodynamic force, and its logging response is low RT, high DEN, and high GR. The diagenetic products, such as dissolved pores in feldspar grains, kaolinite cements, kaolinite complete quasi grains and kaolinite partial quasi grains, formed by humic acid of coal measures and organic acid of hydrocarbon source, are obviously different in occurrence and element composition. High rigid particle content is a prerequisite for effective preservation of pores in coal-measure conglomerate reservoir, and the migration degree of dissolution products such as kaolinite and silica further restricts the effectiveness of pores. The selection of high quality reservoir zones should focus on areas with high rigid particle content and high hydrodynamic sedimentary facies such as underwater distributary channel and estuary bar.

Key words: Coal-glutenite, Badaowan Formation(J1b), Wide coal seam in early TST, Limited coal seam in HST &, LST, Coal humic acid, Kaolinite pseudo-particle

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.2

Fig.1

Regional structure of Mahu Sag(a) and stratigraphic characteristics in the 1st member of Badaowan Formation(J1b1) (b)"

Fig.2

Structure-sedimentary evolution section of Mahu Sag(the section is shown in Fig.1(a),A-A’)"

Fig.3

Comprehensive map of paleoclimate and sedimentary characteristics in the 1st member of Badaowan Formation(J1b1),Mahu area"

Fig.4

Outcrop characteristics of wide coal seam in early TST and limited coal seam in HST & LST"

Fig.5

Core facies sequence characteristics in wide coal seam in early TST and limited coal seam in HST & LST(Well Aihu501,J1b1,No.7 core)"

Fig.6

Sequence-facies distribution in wide coal seam in early TST limited coal seam in HST & LST(the section is shown in Fig.1(a),B-B’)"

Fig.7

In wide coal seam in early TST and limited coal seam in HST & LST (the logging curve values are shown in Fig.6)"

Table 1

Logging difference of coal seams in different structural positions, Mahu area"

煤层成因

类型

测井

参数

断裂带玛西斜坡区玛中区玛东斜坡区
高(低)位期局限式煤层

RT

/(Ω·m)

8.86~86.848.53~17 253.5933.78~9 639.0366.95~19 717.61
均值28.668 243.678 361.149 637.74
均值8 747.52

DEN

/(g/cm3

1.35~2.251.26~2.231.25~2.531.32~1.61
均值1.841.451.461.43
均值1.45

GR

/API

16.85~60.8927.47~61.7426.15~73.0322.19~50.87
均值45.0438.7337.9331.91
均值36.19
早湖侵期广覆式煤层

RT

/(Ω·m)

不发育36 967.22~40 115.6934 428.34~40 325.0730 162.68~56 738.39
38 541.4638 976.7143 450.54
均值40 322.90

DEN

/(g/cm3

1.29~1.311.25~1.271.32~1.36
1.301.261.34
均值1.30

GR

/API

34.41~40.1026.15~28.2720.90~22.19
37.2527.2121.54
均值28.67

Fig.8

Depositional model in wide coal seam in early TST and limited coal seam in HST & LST(the section is shown in Fig.1(a),C-C’)"

Fig.9

Plane distribution of early TST and limited coal seam in HST & LST(Da10 3D seismic, Wells Da132-Yant1)"

Fig.10

Burial-evolution of acids & pores history of coal-bearing strata and element content differenceof diagenetic products in the 1st member of Badaowan Formation(J1b1)"

Fig.11

Schematic diagram of vertical radiation range of coal seam's restraining effect on conglomerate reservoir(J1b1, east slope of Mahu Sag)"

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