Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (10): 1436-1449.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.08.006

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Research status of helium resources in natural gas and prospects of helium resources in China

Jianfa CHEN1,2(),Kaixuan LIU1,2(),Qingwei DONG1,2,Hua WANG3,Bing LUO3,Xin DAI3   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China
    2.College of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum,Beijing 102249,China
    3.Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,Southwest Oil and Gasfield Company,PetroChina,Chengdu 610041,China
  • Received:2021-07-02 Revised:2021-07-29 Online:2021-10-10 Published:2021-10-21
  • Contact: Kaixuan LIU E-mail:jfchen@cup.edu.cn;1158763393@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    The National Science and Technology Major Project of China(2016ZX05027-001-004);the PetroChina Southwest Oil and Gas Field Company Project(JS2020-044)

Abstract:

Helium has unique characteristics such as strong chemical inertness and low boiling point, and plays an irreplaceable role in high-tech industries and scientific research experiments. Helium is widely distributed as trace components on the earth, but the extraction of helium from helium-containing, helium-rich natural gas reservoirs is still the only way to industrially produce helium. At present, the world's discovered helium reserves are mainly distributed in the United States, Qatar, Algeria, Russia, Canada and other countries. The helium reserves of the above five countries account for 92% of the world's total reserves. There are three main sources of helium in natural gas reservoirs: atmospheric, crustal and mantle-derived. At present, the source of helium is mainly determined based on the value of 3He/4He. Generally, the 3He/4He value of atmospheric, crustal and mantle-derived helium are 1.4×10-6, 2×10-8 and 1.1×10-5, respectively. The accumulation conditions and characteristics of helium-rich natural gas have both common features and obvious differences with conventional natural gas reservoirs. Some areas with high hydrocarbon generation intensity that are conducive to the formation of large-scale oil and gas reservoirs are not conducive to the formation of helium-rich and high-helium gas reservoirs. Uplift areas with relatively low hydrocarbon generation intensity are conducive to the formation of helium-rich and high-helium gas reservoirs. The helium resources discovered in the world are mainly distributed in sedimentary basins under the platform background of the Late Proterozoic and Paleozoic. In addition, the Mesozoic-Cenozoic structure-magmatic activity is strong and the area with ancient granite basement is also a favorable area for the development of helium-rich gas reservoirs. Existing data indicate that China has discovered some helium-rich gas reservoirs in the Sichuan Basin, Tarim Basin, Qaidam Basin, Ordos Basin and Mesozoic and Cenozoic petroliferous basins in the eastern China. At the same time, unconventional natural gas fields also show good prospects for helium resource exploration, such as soluble gas in the Weihe Basin and shale gas in the Sichuan Basin. China's helium-rich natural gas has many points, types and good resource prospects, but the overall research level of helium resources is very low.

Key words: Noble gas, Helium resources, Genetic, Accumulation, Prospects of resources

CLC Number: 

  • TE151

Fig.1

Distribution map of global helium production (modified from Ref. [8])"

Fig.2

Major helium-rich natural gas reservoirs in the United States (modified from Ref. [5])"

Fig.3

Major helium-rich natural gas reservoirs in Russia (modified from Ref. [6])"

Fig.4

Relationship between helium and its main associated components in helium-rich natural gas reservoir"

Fig.5

Distribution map of global helium-rich natural gas fields and basement characteristics(modified from Ref. [46])"

Fig.6

Profile of U.S. Panhandle helium-rich gas field(modified from Ref. [52])"

Fig.7

The change of Henry's coefficient of different gases with temperature under low pressure conditions (modified from Ref.[16])"

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