Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1393-1402.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.04.003

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Distribution of carbonate cements and enrichment characteristics of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in sandstone reservoirs in Jiuxi Basin

Yingchun GOU1,2(),Xiaojun ZHANG1,2,Yanli LI1,Shiming ZHANG1,2,Jiumei QIN3,Liangyu WU1,2   

  1. 1.Northwest Branch of CNPC Research Institute for Exploration and Development,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Reservoir Characterization,CNPC,Lanzhou 730020,China
    3.Qinghai Branch of China Petroleum Collective Logging Co. Ltd. ,Dunhuang 736202,China
  • Received:2020-12-29 Revised:2021-03-24 Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-09-14
  • Supported by:
    The China National Petroleum Corporation Science & Technology Major Project(2012E-3301)

Abstract:

Carbonate cements are the most important authigenic minerals in sandstone reservoirs of Paleogene Baiyanghe Group Jianquanzi Formation(N1b1) M oil formation in Shiyougou oilfield, Jiuxi Basin. The content and distribution of carbonate cements are the main parameters of reservoir quantitative evaluation. According to the analysis of mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry, the carbonate cements in this area are mainly calcite and a small amount of dolomite cements. The distribution range of cements is 2.11%-56.39%, with an average of 12.93%. Carbonate cements mainly have base-like structures, some of which are speckled and ringed. The distribution and content of carbonate cements are controlled by sedimentary microfacies. The braided river bar has the highest carbonate content with an average of 14.6%, the riverbank microfacies sand body has an average of 8.09%, and the retained conglomerate carbonate cements at the bottom of the river channel have a medium content with an average of 7. 73%.The δ18O(PDB) and δ13C(PDB) values range from -11.14‰ to -3.25‰ and from -7.32‰ to -0.42‰, respectively, indicating that the carbonate cements in this area come from fresh-bracky-water environment and are related to dissolution-deposition. The δ13C and δ18O values gradually decrease and become lighter from deep to shallow, indicating that the influence of atmospheric fresh water gradually increases, water salinity decreases and diagenetic temperature increases gradually from deep to shallow. It is also found that the differentiation of δ18O and δ13C values of carbonate cements and the degree of hydrocarbon enrichment have a good zonation. The carbonate cements of oil-immersed to oil-bearing sandstones are enriched in δ13C, the oil-spot to oil-trace sandstones lack δ18O isotopes, and the fluorium-grade sandstones lack both δ18O and δ13C isotopes.

Key words: Carbonate cement, Carbon and oxygen isotopes, M-oil group, Shiyougou oil field, Jiuxi Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.1+13

Fig.1

Structural location map (a) and formation column map (b) of M oil group of Shiyougou Oilfield in Jiuxi Basin"

Fig.2

Rock types, rock composition and microscopic characteristics of M oil formation in Shiyougou Oilfield"

Fig.3

Carbonate cementation mode of M oil formation in Shiyougou Oilfield"

Fig. 4

Column diagram of lithology, electrical property, physical property, oiliness and sedimentary sequence of M oil formation in Well SN725"

Table 1

Isotopic determination values of δ13C and δ18O, the sandstone cements of M oil formation"

序号样品号岩性含油饱和度/%δ18O/‰δ13C/‰Z
110-15-8棕红色荧光细砂岩36.20-10.13-7.32107
211-8-9棕红色荧光细砂岩38.43-10.69-5.51111
312-2-8棕红色荧光细砂岩16.51-10.04-5.72111
412-28-7棕红色荧光细砂岩48.83-11.14-5.34111
513-6-7棕红色油迹细砂岩43.57-11.12-5.18111
613-10-18棕红色含砾细砂岩35.92-10.89-5.36111
714-1-9棕红色荧光细砂岩19.48-11.09-5.68110
815-4-21棕红色油斑细砂岩61.14-3.98-1.93121
915-8-9棕红色油斑细砂岩67.48-5.02-1.76121
1015-16-7棕红色油浸细砂岩64.07-3.25-1.83122
1115-24-15棕红色油斑细砂岩77.01-9.41-1.78119
1216-7-7棕红色油浸细砂岩64.93-3.97-1.74122
1316-16-7棕红色油浸细砂岩68.83-3.92-1.85122
1416-24-7棕红色油浸细砂岩51.67-3.88-1.59122
1517-8-18棕红色油浸细砂岩66.49-3.75-1.77122
1618-5-7棕红色油浸细砂岩43.98-9.43-3.59115
1718-10-7棕红色油浸细砂岩66.98-9.12-3.85115
1818-15-7棕红色油浸细砂岩76.34-9.22-4.46114
1918-34-7棕红色油浸细砂岩50.39-9.59-3.97114
2019-14-7棕红色油浸细砂岩77.60-9.67-4.5113
2119-22-7棕红色油斑细砂岩53.80-9.61-2.98116
2219-26-7棕红色油斑细砂岩52.60-7.51-1.64120
2320-4-7棕红色油斑细砂岩71.15-7.22-1.58120
2420-8-7棕红色油斑细砂岩56.52-7.35-1.62120
2520-12-9棕红色油斑细砂岩45.31-8.61-1.85119
2620-16-7棕红色油斑细砂岩77.07-8.21-1.68120
2720-20-9棕红色油斑细砂岩62.20-6.82-1.35121
2821-2-6棕红色油迹细砂岩64.25-7.39-1.51121
2921-18-17棕红色油迹细砂岩53.42-8.18-2.72118
3021-30-9棕红色油迹细砂岩40.35-5.32-0.93123
3122-6-12棕红色油迹细砂岩64.46-7.43-0.42123

Fig.5

Distribution of carbon and oxygen isotopes in typical lacustrine carbonate rocks of M oil formation in Jiuxi Basin, China(modified by Ref.[10])"

Fig.6

Relation diagram of δ13C value and depth (a) and Z value and depth(b) of sandstone carbonate cements in M oil formation"

Fig.7

δ18O and δ13C differentiation and oil-bearing relationship of sandstone cements in M oil formation"

Fig.8

The content of carbonate cement in sandstone reservoir of M oil formation is related to its physical properties"

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