四川盆地雷口坡组富有机质页岩的发现及盐下勘探新领域

doi:10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.11.011

Abstract

Abstract:

At present， there are no reports about the organic-rich shale and its sedimentary environment of the Leikoupo Formation in Sichuan Basin. To this end， based on the latest drilling and coring data in the basin， through the observation of cores and thin sections， combined with X-ray diffraction of full-rock mineral analysis and trace element geochemical index identification， the organic-rich shale petrological characteristics of the Leikoupo Formation were developed. The study analyzed the paleoenvironment of organic-rich shale sediments， discussed the main controlling factors of organic matter enrichment， and pointed out the exploration potential of the sub-salt field of the Leikoupo Formation. The results show that：（1）The organic-rich shale in the Leikoupo Formation in the Sichuan Basin can be divided into two types of shale facies， clayey calcareous mixed shale and calcareous shale， with an organic carbon content of 0.58%-1.08% and R_O of 2.36%-2.40%；（2） Sr/Cu， Sr/Ba， B/Ga， V/（V+Ni）， paleo-oxygen phase substitution coefficient and other indicators indicate that the Leikoupo Formation organic-rich shale is generally in a dry-hot， salt-water， and anoxic environment；（3）The evaluation of hydrocarbon generation potential shows that the clayey calcareous mixed shale in the sample is the best source rock， calcareous shale and limestone are the good or better source rocks. High paleo-productivity and anoxic environment are important conditions for the enrichment and preservation of organic matter；（4）The types of reservoir-forming combinations that may be formed by the organic-rich shale in the Leikoupo Formation in Sichuan Basin include three types： self-generation and self-storage type， side-generation and side-storage type， and lower generation and upper-storage type. It is concluded that the Meishan-Nanchong-Bazhong and Ya'an-Hongya areas are the most favorable areas for sub-salt exploration of the Leikoupo Formation in Sichuan Basin， Suining-Guang'an area is the most favorable area for salt exploration in the Leikoupo Formation.

Key words: Sichuan Basin, Leikoupo Formation, Source rock, Sedimentary environment, Hydrocarbon generation potential, Shale gas

CLC Number:

TE132.2

Hao-fei SUN, Bing LUO, Long WEN, Jin-xi WANG, Gang ZHOU, Hua-guo WEN, Fei HUO, Xin DAI, Chang-long HE. The first discovery of organic-rich shale in Leikoupo Formation and new areas of sub-salt exploration， Sichuan Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience, 2021, 32(2): 233-247.

Figures/Tables 15

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Analytical results and calculation results of major quantities and trace elements of Leikoupo Formation samples from Well CT1"

样品	测试结果/（μg/g）									计算结果
样品	B	V	Ni	Cu	Ga	Sr	Ba	Th	U	Th/U	V/ (V+Ni)	Sr/Ba	B/Ga	Sr/Cu	气候指数C	古氧相替代系数Y₁	古生产力替代系数Y₂
平均	164.15	58.37	16.01	20.82	8.33	336.52	612.63	3.88	3.79	1.00	1.04	1.59	17.81	28.16	0.21	37.45	34.93
CT1-1	260.90	76.98	21.40	23.07	10.82	241.90	160.74	4.66	3.28	1.42	0.68	1.50	24.11	10.49	0.36	48.05	42.64
CT1-2	322.80	91.89	23.75	24.10	12.83	230.55	188.90	5.05	3.43	1.47	1.04	1.22	25.16	9.57	0.37	57.01	47.10
CT1-3	168.12	64.93	15.64	17.63	8.48	278.18	513.21	3.37	3.06	1.10	1.58	0.54	19.83	15.78	0.15	40.74	32.08
CT1-4	45.42	25.42	6.89	22.51	3.31	354.09	317.86	1.64	3.40	0.48	1.18	1.11	13.72	15.73	0.07	17.32	23.52
CT1-5	20.74	14.67	4.57	4.84	1.74	341.67	54.92	1.12	2.02	0.55	0.45	6.22	11.94	70.58	0.08	10.07	10.32
CT1-6	55.57	28.12	7.26	8.46	3.53	374.15	212.03	2.14	3.63	0.59	0.28	1.76	15.76	44.20	0.09	19.39	15.88
CT1-7	323.68	93.70	26.45	29.70	14.81	239.76	232.16	7.10	4.98	1.43	0.89	1.03	21.85	8.07	0.36	58.89	53.34
CT1-8	251.02	78.43	21.76	25.10	11.89	272.11	262.14	5.62	4.80	1.17	1.81	1.04	21.11	10.84	0.29	49.70	43.43
CT1-9	29.11	21.56	6.58	17.86	2.34	374.99	100.00	1.31	2.81	0.47	0.18	3.75	12.43	21.00	0.09	14.63	19.92
CT1-10	296.53	112.47	36.64	37.67	18.67	196.58	244.15	8.69	5.50	1.58	0.70	0.81	15.88	5.22	0.54	70.41	67.73
CT1-11	340.91	124.77	38.52	41.47	21.37	156.41	285.96	9.85	6.06	1.62	2.14	0.55	15.95	3.77	0.56	78.22	74.09
CT1-12	32.22	19.86	4.92	8.90	2.42	331.39	175.50	1.48	2.45	0.60	0.80	1.89	13.30	37.22	0.07	13.72	13.01
CT1-13	34.01	20.06	6.25	14.17	2.48	354.69	177.30	1.45	2.50	0.58	0.19	2.00	13.74	25.04	0.07	13.88	27.68
CT1-14	349.41	98.04	29.90	32.76	16.41	225.74	249.56	7.16	4.28	1.67	0.88	0.90	21.29	6.89	0.39	61.12	63.67
CT1-15	280.06	81.31	19.82	26.59	11.12	308.67	164.65	4.65	3.41	1.36	0.80	1.87	25.18	11.61	0.29	50.71	46.76
CT1-16	241.03	82.12	19.40	20.99	12.98	342.18	823.65	5.40	5.30	1.02	1.23	0.42	18.57	16.30	0.13	53.00	37.54
CT1-17	108.55	47.23	13.30	11.27	7.30	505.63	104.97	3.68	3.97	0.93	1.29	4.82	14.88	44.87	0.14	30.61	24.28
CT1-18	30.05	23.29	7.08	20.92	2.28	325.97	155.41	1.26	3.15	0.40	0.53	2.10	13.18	15.58	0.10	16.15	24.24
CT1-19	101.16	37.26	11.06	18.54	5.64	343.77	841.10	3.48	3.46	1.01	1.75	0.41	17.95	18.55	0.07	24.80	27.76
CT1-20	9.85	10.28	3.98	4.08	0.99	880.73	501.33	0.57	2.14	0.27	0.13	1.76	9.98	215.71	0.02	7.60	8.48
CT1-21	207.75	72.88	20.44	20.96	10.75	268.56	212.12	4.20	3.51	1.19	1.17	1.27	19.33	12.81	0.28	45.93	40.79
CT1-22	32.53	41.85	5.83	21.69	1.72	344.25	4 524.06	1.25	8.97	0.14	1.38	0.08	18.91	15.87	0.01	31.29	22.48
CT1-23	24.27	24.51	5.34	12.09	1.79	593.29	4 404.74	1.65	1.69	0.98	0.29	0.13	13.55	49.08	0.01	16.59	15.85
CT1-24	243.80	78.60	21.16	27.25	10.86	264.15	203.32	4.98	3.65	1.37	0.71	1.30	22.45	9.69	0.30	50.02	44.05
CT1-25	294.23	88.97	22.38	27.86	11.70	263.65	205.96	5.22	3.30	1.58	3.98	1.28	25.15	9.46	0.32	56.38	46.51

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.6

Fig. 7

Fig. 8

Fig.9

Table 5

Fig.10

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序号	岩性	TOC/%	R_O/%
平均值		0.74	2.39
1	钙质页岩	0.60	2.36
2	钙质页岩	0.81	2.40
3	钙质页岩	0.58
4	灰岩	0.80
5	灰岩	0.49
6	灰岩	0.57	2.41
7	灰岩	0.65
8	钙质页岩	0.96
9	黏土质钙质混合页岩	0.83
10	黏土质钙质混合页岩	1.08

烃源岩级别	泥质岩有机碳丰度/%		碳酸盐岩有机碳丰度/%
烃源岩级别	成熟阶段	高过成熟阶段	成熟阶段	高过成熟阶段
非烃源岩	<0.4	<0.16	<0.1	<0.04
差烃源岩	0.4~0.6	0.16~0.24	0.1~0.3	0.04~0.12
中等烃源岩	0.6~1.0	0.24~0.4	0.3~0.74	0.12~0.28
较好烃源岩	1.0~2.0	0.4~0.8	0.74~1.7	0.28~0.68
好烃源岩	>2.0	>0.8	>1.7	>0.68

判别类型	沉积环境判别参数	判别标准		范围值	平均值	沉积环境	资料来源
古气候	Sr/Cu	>10	干热气候	3.77~215.71	28.16	干热气候	文献[20]
	Sr/Cu	1~10	温湿气候	3.77~215.71	28.16	干热气候	文献[20]
	气候指数（C）	<0.2	干旱环境	0.01~0.56	0.21	半干旱环境	文献[22]
		0.2~0.4	半干旱环境
		0.4~0.6	半潮湿环境
		0.6~0.8	潮湿环境
古盐度	B/Ga	>5	咸水	9.98~25.18	17.81	咸水	文献[24]
		3~5	半咸水
		<3	淡水
古氧相	V/(V＋Ni)	>0.6	缺氧环境	0.13~3.98	1.04	缺氧环境	文献[29]
		0.45~0.6	贫氧环境
		<0.45	富氧环境
	古氧相代替系数(Y₁)	<10.5	富氧环境	7.60~78.22	37.45	贫氧—缺氧环境	文献[30]
		10.5~50	贫氧环境
		50~100	缺氧环境
		>100	无氧环境

区域	眉山—南充—巴中	雅安—洪雅	遂宁—广安
领域	盐下	盐下	盐上
成藏组合	自生自储	旁生侧储	下生上储
沉积相	蒸发潟湖	台缘滩	台内滩
岩性	黏土质钙质混合页岩、钙质页岩	砂屑白云岩、粉晶白云岩	砂屑白云岩、粉晶白云岩
厚度/m	6~60（25）	8~21（15）	1.8~26（17）
孔隙度/%	0.96~4.93（2.04）	3.6~5.9（4.8）	3.0~15.29（8.2）
渗透率/（10^-3μm²）	0.72~39.48（20.10）	0.13~14.21（7.76）	0.000 1~134.23（4.32）
主要储集空间	纳米孔、粒间孔、晶间孔、微缝	溶蚀孔、晶间孔	溶蚀孔、晶间孔
分布面积/km²	16 000	3 000	3 500
预计资源量/（10⁸m³）	11 000	3 700	3 600

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The first discovery of organic-rich shale in Leikoupo Formation and new areas of sub-salt exploration， Sichuan Basin

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