Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 1016-1027.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.02.010

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The characteristics of water uptake and the comparative studies on three methods of determining porosity in organic-rich shale of Longmaxi Formation in Sichuan Basin

Ping YU1(),Yu ZHANG2,Jian-ping YAN1,De-yong SHAO2,Liu-liu ZHANG1,Huan LUO1,Bo QIAO1,Tong-wei ZHANG2()   

  1. 1.School of Earth Sciences & Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
    2.State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics, Department of Geology, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
  • Received:2020-01-17 Revised:2020-02-24 Online:2020-07-10 Published:2020-07-02
  • Contact: Tong-wei ZHANG E-mail:yup14@lzu.edu.cn;zhangtw@lzb.edu.cn
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41730421)

Abstract:

An experimental investigation of water uptake on five shale core plugs of Silurian Longmaxi Formation from Well Qianqian 1 in Sichuan Basin was conducted. The saturated water quantities on a series of shale cylinders with different diameters or lengths from one sample were determined, and a linear relationship between water uptake and the skeleton volumes of the shale cylinders was obtained. The slope of line, which is “K” value, represents the saturated water quantity per unit skeleton volume, and the water uptake porosity which is calculated by multiplying “K” value and the rock bulk density is from 3.51% to 8.90%. In order to evaluate the accuracy of the water uptake porosity determined from water uptake method, the nitrogen adsorption porosity and helium porosity of the same series of samples were comparatively measured. The results show that the nitrogen adsorption porosity ranges from 2.38% to 7.04%, which is less than the water uptake porosity, and the difference is about 0.54%-1.96%. The low-temperature nitrogen adsorption method failed to detect macropores with apertures larger than 350 nm in the shales, leading to the lower values of the nitrogen adsorption porosity without accounting the pore volumes of those macropores. GRI helium porosity ranges from 4.55% to 8.09%, and there are good consistency and comparability between the water uptake porosity and the helium porosity except for sample QQ-45, and the difference is only 0.23%-0.81%. For the sample QQ-45, the helium porosity is 2.65% larger than the water uptake porosity, and the difference is attributed to the microcracks in the shale cylinders. The water uptake experiment can discern the microcracks in the shale cylinders based on the rapid increase of water uptake curve at the early stage of water adsorption. The shale cylinders effectively retain the original pore structures and pore networks of the shales, and the water uptake porosity is a statistical result which was measured with varied sizes of shale cylinders and affected slightly by the shale heterogeneity. Therefore, water uptake porosity is more representative to the actual porosity of the shales. A good positive correlation exists between total organic carbon(TOC) and porosity values, but no direct correlation with clay minerals, suggesting that TOC is the one of key controls on the change of the Longmaxi shale porosity.

Key words: Longmaxi Formation, Shale, Water uptake experimental, Water uptake characteristic, Porosity.

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.2

Fig.1

Comprehensive stratigraphic column of sampling cross-section in Well Qianqian 1"

Table 1

Basic characters of studied samples in Well Qianqian 1"

样品号层位距龙马溪组底界/mTOC/%黏土矿物/%石英/%碳酸盐矿物/%
QQ-02S1l2.493.17
QQ-05S1l5.693.582.8563.6424.90
QQ-06S1l6.496.098.4748.0129.66
QQ-17S1l17.052.2915.1837.7817.87
QQ-45S1l67.160.7730.7130.846.27

Fig.2

The schematic of main water uptake experimental setup"

Fig.3

The correlation with shale cylinders’s saturated water quantities and their skeleton volumes"

Fig.4

The water sorption curves of the shale cylinders with different diameters(T:30 ℃,RH:99.9%)"

Fig.5

The pore size distribution of the shale samples"

Table 2

The porosity and other relevant results of shale samples in Well Qianqian 1 by three methods to determine"

样品号TOC/%K值”/(mg/cm3)比表面积/(m2/g)平均孔径/nm骨架密度/(g/cm3)吸水孔隙度/%氮气孔隙度/%氦孔隙度/%
QQ-023.1761.8923.9184.8032.6615.835.295.09
QQ-053.5875.7418.9127.5812.6367.045.086.81
QQ-066.0997.7133.7524.4002.6368.907.048.09
QQ-172.2950.2517.5564.1032.7004.783.944.55
QQ-450.7736.3510.0324.7652.6423.512.386.16

Fig.6

The correlations with saturated water quantities and skeleton volumes of shale cylinders from various samples(T:30 ℃,RH:99.9%)"

Fig.7

The comparison of water uptake porosity and nitrogen adsorption porosity of shale samples"

Fig.8

The comparison of water uptake porosity and helium porosity of shale samples"

Fig.9

The histograms of water absorbing quantity of the shale cylinders with different diameters from sample QQ-45"

Fig.10

The correlations with saturated water quantities and skeleton volumes of shale cylinders from sample QQ-45 (T: 30 ℃, RH: 99.9%)"

Fig.11

The pore type and the character of organic matter、mineral components of shale samples in Well Qianqian 1"

Fig.12

The comparison of water uptake porosity and its influence factors of shale samples"

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