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Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2022, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (10): 1661-1674.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2022.04.016

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Formation conditions and the main controlling factors for the enrichment of shale gas of Shanxi Formation in the southeast of Ordos Basin

Ke WANG1,2,3(),Yuanyuan WANG1,2,Fengqin WANG1,2   

  1. 1.School of Earth Sciences and Engineering，Xi’an Shiyou University，Xi’an 710065，China
    2.Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Petroleum Accumulation Geology，Xi’an 710065，China
    3.State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry，Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry，Chinese Academy of Sciences，Guangzhou 510640，China
  • Received:2022-03-16 Revised:2022-04-25 Online:2022-10-20 Published:2022-09-28
  • Supported by:
    The China National Science and Technology Major Project(2017ZX05039001);the Open Fund Project of the State key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, China(SKLOG-201902)

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Abstract:

Based on the data of drilling， logging， testing and shale sample analysis， and on the basis of dissecting the geological characteristics of typical shale gas wells， the relationship between reservoir-forming factors and shale gas enrichment is deeply analyzed， and the controlling factors of shale gas enrichment are summarized. The results show that the shale of marine-continental transitional facies is mainly developed in Shanxi Formation in the southeast of Ordos Basin， which has strong heterogeneity， mainly reflected in the rapid spatial change of shale organic matter， physical properties and other parameters. The shale widely distributed in Shanxi Formation has a high content of organic carbon（TOC）， with an average of 2.24%.The kerogen type is mainly type Ⅲ， and the average value of RO is 2.48%， which is in the high mature-overmature stage and is a high quality source rock.The rock composition is rich in clay（40.5%-88.5%），mainly composed of illite-mongolian mixed layer and kaolinite， and its relatively high specific surface area is beneficial to improve the gas adsorption capacity of shale. Thin sandstone with thickness less than 3 m interbeds are widely distributed in Shanxi formation with good physical conditions （average porosity 3.37%， average permeability 0.1×10-3 μm2）. The natural gas generated by shale can be transported to these sandstone interlayers （laminae） in a short distance， which is beneficial to improve the gas-bearing property of shale. The gas-bearing property of Shanxi Formation in the study area is affected by different lithologic assemblages. The gas-bearing property of thick mudstone-coal assemblage of Shan2 is the best， and the gas content of more than 80% of the samples exceeds 1 m3/t. It is considered that the high thermal evolution degree of shale， special marine-continental transitional facies reservoir conditions and good preservation conditions are the main factors affecting the enrichment of shale gas in the study area. It makes the shale gas of Shanxi Formation in the southeast of Ordos Basin have certain potential for exploration and development， and delineates the enrichment targets of shale gas in Zichang-Yan'an-Fuxian and Yichuan areas.

Key words: Shale gas, Enrichment controlling factors, Marine-continental transitional, Adsorption, Sand interlayer

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.2

Fig. 1

Isoline map and stratigraphic column map of mud shale of Shanxi Formation in the study area"

Fig.2

TOC content diagram of shale gas of Shanxi Formation in Wells YQ56， YC96 and Y2156"

Fig.3

Plane distribution of TOC content in mud shale of Shan2 Member in the study area"

Table 1

Classification table of organic types of mud shale of Shanxi Formation in the study area"

有机质类型IH评价标准/（mgHC/gTOC）IH样品所占百分数/%D评价标准/%D样品所占百分数/%
最终评价结果III型III型
I 型（腐泥型）>7000>70.01.85
II1型（腐殖—腐泥型）700~3501.8570.0~30.011.11
II2（腐泥—腐殖型）350~150（不含350）3.730.0~10.0（不含30.0）9.26
III 型（腐殖型）<15094.44<10.077.78

Fig.4

Isoline map of mud shale RO of Shanxi Formation in the study area"

Fig.5

Triangular diagram of mineral composition of Shanxi Formation， Wufeng-Longmaxi formations and North American mud shale in the study area （some data are cited from Ref.［16］）"

Fig.6

Main reservoir space types of mud shale and sandstone in Shanxi Formation"

Fig.7

Gas content distribution histogram of mud shale in Shanxi Formation"

Table 2

Statistical table of field analytical gas volume of Shanxi Formation shale gas in Well YC96"

组合类型深度/m岩性解析气量/（m3/t）损失气量/（m3/t）残余气量/（m3/t）总含气量/（m3/t）
泥—砂—泥2 623.60灰黑色粉砂质泥岩0.050.040.010.1
2 624.33灰黑色粉砂质泥岩0.110.060.030.2
2 629.17灰黑色砂岩夹泥质条带1.360.950.082.39
2 635.12灰黑色粉砂质泥岩0.130.090.060.28
2 636.71黑色泥岩0.220.160.090.47
2 637.41黑色泥岩0.20.010.010.22
2 641.98灰黑色粉砂岩夹泥质条带0.180.040.020.24
2 644.94灰黑色粉砂岩0.320.220.070.61
2 645.48灰黑色粉砂质泥岩0.380.250.080.71
2 647.93黑色泥岩0.300.200.060.56
泥—砂—煤2 649.56黑色炭质泥岩0.290.200.070.56
2 651.29黑色炭质泥岩0.070.040.030.14
2 653.46灰黑色细砂岩0.020.010.010.04
2 654.96黑色泥岩0.090.060.040.19
2 657.48黑色粉砂质泥岩0.040.030.030.1
2 658.85灰黑色泥岩0.090.060.050.2
2 659.90黑色炭质泥岩夹砂质条带夹煤线5.543.700.8310.07
2 661.32黑色炭质泥岩0.060.040.030.13
2 663.91灰黑色粉砂质泥岩0.240.160.090.49
2 667.32深灰色细砂岩夹泥质条带0.160.110.080.35
厚层泥—煤2 668.08黑色泥岩0.860.580.031.47
2 669.49灰黑色炭质泥岩0.90.580.061.54
2 754.00煤27.7518.511.0947.35
2 755.09黑色泥岩0.670.450.041.16
2 756.25灰黑色粉砂质泥岩夹炭质泥岩1.400.950.082.43
2 759.09黑色泥岩0.260.170.040.47
2 758.13黑色炭质泥岩1.470.960.092.52
2 757.30灰黑色粉砂质泥岩0.650.430.051.13

Fig.8

Relationship between isothermal adsorption capacity （VL） and TOC of shale in Shanxi Formation"

Fig.9

Relationship between TOC and analytical gas content of mud shale and depth of Shan2 Member in Well Y2156"

Table 3

Test results of shale specific surface area of Shanxi Formation in Well YQ56"

样品

编号

岩性TOC/%黏土矿物含量/%

微孔比表面积

/（m2/g）

中孔比表面积

/（m2/g）

总比表面积

/（m2/g）

YQ56-1灰色粉砂质泥岩0.42453.7584.4128.170
YQ56-2灰色粉砂质泥岩0.7644.2815.0799.360
YQ56-3灰色粉砂质泥岩0.41655.0136.75711.769
YQ56-4灰色粉砂质泥岩0.13555.2485.61010.858
YQ56-5灰黑色泥岩4.1747.58210.67418.256
YQ56-6深灰色粉砂质泥岩0.95584.5845.44210.025
YQ56-7黑色粉砂质泥岩1.92666.4217.38013.800
YQ56-8深灰色粉砂质泥岩0.57623.8897.54511.434
YQ56-9黑色粉砂质泥岩1.25606.4186.21212.630
平均值1.1661.05.2446.56811.811
川东南龙马溪组［24］3.2432.616.3054.62820.946

Fig.10

Relationship between specific surface area of mud shale and clay mineral content of Shanxi Formation in Well YQ56"

Fig.11

Relationship between clay mineral content and adsorbed gas volume of Shanxi Formation in Well YQ56"

Fig.12

Physical property test profile of Shan1 Member of Well YQ56"

Fig.13

Enrichment type profile of Shanxi Formation in Well YQ56"

Fig.14

Isoline map of enrichment index of Shanxi Formation in southeastern Ordos Basin"

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