Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (12): 1762-1770.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.04.007

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Occurrence states and quantitative characterization of lacustrine shale oil from Yanchang Formation in Ordos Basin

Xianyang LIU1,2(),Weiwei YANG1,3(),Shixiang LI1,3,Lin SUN1,3,Rui CHANG1,3   

  1. 1.National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields,Xi’an 710018,China
    2.PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710018,China
    3.Research Institute of Exploration and Development of PetroChina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an 710018,China
  • Received:2021-03-17 Revised:2021-04-09 Online:2021-12-10 Published:2021-12-27
  • Contact: Weiwei YANG E-mail:lxy3_cq@petrochina.com.cn;yww1_cq@petrochina.com.cn
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China(41773035);the Project of Exploration and Production Branch of CNPC(KT2020-06-01)

Abstract:

The exploration breakthrough of Chang 7 Member shale oil from sandstones in Ordos Basin has been made and scale effect has been realized, however, whether the mudstone and shale series have exploration potential and how to characterize the hydrocarbon occurrence states are still questions. Contrast between the shale oil and residual hydrocarbons shows that the test shale oil has high content of light and medium hydrocarbons (nC25-) but very low abundance of asphaltene, while the retained hydrocarbons has high concentrations of macromolecular compounds. Analytical tests and experimental studies suggest that the oily components have poor compatibility with asphaltene, their occurrence stats are distinct, the asphaltene components are mainly adsorbed by kerogen while the oily constituents occur in the pores and fractures as free hydrocarbons. Therefore, high contents of asphaltene will not affect the mobility of shale oil. Moreover, the method of separating and extracting free hydrocarbons from shale and mudstones is not only a rapid technique for shale oil resources evaluation, but also reveals that the free hydrocarbon contents of Chang 7 Member shale and mudstones are very high with an average content of 5 mg/g, showing a significant potential of shale oil exploration from mud shales.

Key words: Shale oil, Residual hydrocarbons, Occurrence state, Quantify, Chang 7 Member, Ordos Basin

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.1+2

Table 1

Physical properties and group compositions data analysis of shale oil produced from Chang 7 Member shale in Yanchang Formation, Ordos Basin"

井号产层样品密度/(g/cm3,50 ℃)动力黏度/(mPa·s,50 ℃)凝固点/℃族组成/%
饱和烃芳烃非烃沥青质
耿295长7段页岩油0.8246.182148.518.969.950.00
木81长7段页岩油0.8284.801766.4610.063.980.50
木78长7段页岩油0.8345.271253.4710.835.920.68

Fig.1

The total hydrocarbon chromatograph of shale oil produced from Chang 73 sub-member shale of Well Mu 81"

Fig.2

Frequency distribution of bitumen “A” content in organic-rich shales from Chang 7 Member (226 samples)"

Fig.3

Frequency distribution of free hydrocarbons (S1) values in organic-rich shales from Chang 7 Member (226 samples)"

Table 2

Group compositions data of bitumen “A” of shales in Chang 7 Member, Ordos Basin"

岩性TOC/%岩石热解S1/(mg/g)氯仿沥青“A”/%氯仿沥青“A”族组成/%
饱和烃芳烃非烃沥青质
黑色页岩14.96(226)4.11(226)0.839 2(90)27.4919.0717.4435.99
暗色泥岩3.78(135)2.19(135)0.617 1(63)57.1816.9713.1512.70

Table 3

Intersolubility experimental results between shale oil and black shale asphaltene in Chang 7 Member of Well Mu78, Ordos Basin (one month)"

实验编号实验后称取 页岩油量/g沉淀沥青质/g实验后页岩油中沥青质含量/%
10.051 30.000 81.56
20.104 20.000 40.38
30.106 40.001 91.79
40.107 00.000 90.84
50.102 10.000 50.49
60.104 70.000 10.10

Fig.4

Experimental results of extraction of residual free hydrocarbon dichloromethane from three groups of rock samples"

Fig.5

Saturated hydrocarbon chromatographic comparison between dichloromethane rapid extract (a) and shale oil (b)"

Table 4

Contents of dichloromethane extracts, trichloromethane extract of residues and their group compositions for Chang 7 Member representative samples, Ordos Basin"

井号井深/m岩性二氯甲烷萃取物/%二氯甲烷萃取后岩样三氯甲烷抽提物/%
萃取物饱和烃芳烃非烃沥青质萃取物饱和烃芳烃非烃沥青质
里572 330.20黑色页岩0.48337.7238.8921.641.750.3358.7711.1119.8852.63
里572 338.70黑色页岩0.28637.8942.6317.891.580.1636.2112.4217.3961.49
悦672 029.32黑色页岩0.29880.089.969.960.000.07442.8623.3820.7820.78
悦672 047.85黑色页岩0.5090.50942.8115.659.270.5134.689.656.7373.68
盐563 037.30暗色泥岩0.86958.9128.0311.561.500.29215.1411.9517.1354.18
盐563 057.45暗色泥岩0.64850.8133.6314.131.430.16714.3812.3319.8652.74
罗1962 659.08暗色泥岩0.55723.9136.3014.577.170.4068.7612.3710.8271.13
罗1962 663.62暗色泥岩0.63434.2735.7815.525.390.29711.1114.8115.4360.49

Fig.6

Relationship between content of dichloromethane extract (free hydrocarbon) and organic carbon"

Fig.7

Relationship between content of dichloromethane extract (free hydrocarbon) and NMR porosity"

Fig.8

Relationship between the content of dichloromethane extract (free hydrocarbon) and its residual trichloromethane extract (adsorbed hydrocarbon) and TOC contents"

Fig.9

Trichloromethane extract in residue (adsorbed hydrocarbon) saturated hydrocarbon chromatography"

Fig.10

Flow diagram of hydrocarbon adsorption measured by heavy liquid separation and organic solvent extraction"

Table 5

Comparison of geochemical parameters of different density components of Chang 7 Member shale in Ordos Basin"

井号层位井深/m岩性分类

TOC

/%

氯仿沥青“A”

/%

(氯仿沥青“A”/TOC

/%

氯仿沥青“A”族组成/%

干酪根吸附可溶有机质容量

/(mg/g)

饱和烃芳烃非烃沥青质
里231长72 114.0黑色页岩密度<1.7 g/mL51.392.585.0210.8113.9612.1663.0641.17
密度>2.5 g/mL9.560.484.9916.6713.1618.4251.75
里231长72 108.4黑色页岩密度<1.8 g/mL43.902.886.569.6810.8911.2968.1554.02
密度>2.5 g/mL6.730.426.2016.8211.2118.6953.27
里231长72 112.63黑色页岩密度<1.6 g/mL49.253.136.366.728.5810.0774.6353.02
密度>2.5 g/mL10.550.565.3110.0010.0016.6763.33
里57长72 342.80黑色页岩密度<1.8 g/mL40.051.513.783.9311.4814.1058.3630.73
密度>2.5 g/mL9.480.383.984.1311.5719.8354.55
白522长71 951.36黑色页岩密度<1.8 g/mL49.131.753.576.8313.9812.1154.9728.50
密度>2.5 g/mL11.190.494.369.2412.8714.8554.46
白522长71 952.6黑色页岩密度<1.6 g/mL52.032.254.328.7415.8516.3959.0234.15
密度>2.6 g/mL9.800.616.1915.8512.2017.6854.27

Fig.11

Relationship between TOC content and asphaltene content in asphalt “A” of the organic-rich shales from Chang 7 Member"

Fig.12

Relationship between TOC and asphalt “A” contents in organic-rich shales from Chang 7 Member"

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