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Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (11): 1562-1573.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.08.003

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Characteristics and genetic mechanism of carbonate cements in Upper Paleozoic tight sandstones， southwestern Ordos Basin

Kun-peng SONG1(),Jing-lan LUO1(),Xin-she LIU2,Yun-dong HOU2,Wei-yan SHENG1,Jiang-jun CAO1,Qian-ru MAO1   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Continental Dynamics，Northwest University，Xi’an 710069，China
    2.Research Institute of Exploration and Development，Changqing Oil Field Company，PetroChina，Xi’an 710021，China
  • Received:2020-05-23 Revised:2020-08-06 Online:2020-11-10 Published:2020-11-24
  • Contact: Jing-lan LUO E-mail:1210384070@qq.com;jlluo@nwu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

This study performed the analysis of genetic mechanism of carbonate cements from the tight sandstone reservoir of He8 member of Upper Paleozoic in southwestern Ordos Basin， based on measurement of thin sections identification， scanning electron microscopy， electron microprobe， micro-area carbon and oxygen isotope， homogenization temperature and laser Raman composition analysis of fluid inclusions. In this study， a comparative analysis was made between the drilling core in the basin and the outcrop in the southwest margin of the basin. The results show that there are four stages of carbonate cementation. （1） During the syngenetic stage， carbonate cement precipitated directly from the carbonate supersaturated sedimentary water， which was formed before the hydrocarbon charge. （2） The formation of carbonate cements in period B of early diagenetic stage and period A of middle diagenetic stage was related to organic carbon sources provided by hydrocarbon generation and expulsion in source rock. （3） Carbonate cements formed in uplift stage of the basin during middle diagenetic stage was affected by inorganic carbon sources such as atmospheric precipitation. The hydrocarbon charge of the southwestern margin of the basin started at the early stage of source rock evolution（around 80 ℃）， a large-scale carbonate cement of organic carbon origin was formed in the period B of early diagenetic stage. The major hydrocarbon charge inside the basin began after the maturity of source rock （about 120 ℃）， and carbonate cement of organic carbon origin was mainly formed in the period A stage of middle diagenetic stage.

Key words: Origin of carbonate cements, Stable carbon and oxygen isotopes, Fluid inclusions, Upper Paleozoic, Ordos BasinFoundation item：The National Science and Technology Key Project of China （Grant No. 2017ZX05008-004-004-001）.

CLC Number: 

  • TE122

Fig.1

Tectonic geographical location of the study area (according to Ref.[15])"

Fig.2

Photomicrographs of carbonate cements"

Fig.3

Scanning electron micrograph and energy spectrum characteristics of typical carbonate cement"

Table 1

Stable carbon and oxygen isotopic characteristics of carbonate cement in He8 member of study area"

编号样品来源

胶结

期次

取样方法

δ13C/‰

(PDB)

δ18O/‰

(PDB)

古盐度

(Z)

古温度/℃

δ18OSMOW

=-6.5‰

δ18OSMOW

=-1.5‰

δ18OSMOW

=-0‰

CT2-02城探2（3 811.1 m）Ⅰ期钻具微区取样-10.0-14.099.993.2107.2
Long21-04b陇21（3 910.4 m）Ⅰ期钻具微区取样-10.4-14.998.6101.3116.4
Long21-04a陇21（3 910.4 m）Ⅰ期钻具微区取样-10.5-14.898.5101.0116.0
Long22-03b陇22（3 550.1 m）Ⅱ期钻具微区取样-14.9-14.389.796.4110.9
Long22-03a陇22（3 550.1 m）Ⅱ期钻具微区取样-14.4-14.590.597.9112.6
ZT2-03镇探2（5 033.5 m）Ⅱ期钻具微区取样-6.5-15.1106.5104.0119.4
Long14-04陇14（3 904.0 m）Ⅱ期钻具微区取样-4.1-15.0111.5102.9118.1
Luo-02b洛2（2 914.0 m）Ⅱ期激光微取样法-14.6-17.089.0123.9156.1
Luo-02a洛2（2 914.0 m）Ⅱ期激光微取样法-12.6-18.092.5136.2141.9
Long14-02陇14（3 905.0 m）Ⅲ期激光微取样法-5.3-8.6112.252.862.6
18PL2-02a露头Ⅰ期激光微取样法-8.0-9.9106.032.2
18PL2-02b露头Ⅰ期激光微取样法-7.3-9.9107.532.1
18EDG4-02b露头Ⅰ期钻具微区取样-6.1-10.7109.536.3
18EDG4-02a露头Ⅰ期钻具微区取样-6.0-10.9109.637.0
18EDG7-01c露头Ⅱ期钻具微区取样-6.9-12.6106.981.394.0
18EDG7-01b露头Ⅱ期钻具微区取样-6.8-12.3107.379.091.4
18EDG7-01a露头Ⅱ期钻具微区取样-6.6-11.7107.974.486.4
18EDG-6b露头Ⅲ期钻具微区取样-8.6-12.4103.680.092.5
18EDG-6a露头Ⅲ期钻具微区取样-9.2-13.5101.888.6102.1
18PL2-03b露头Ⅲ期激光微取样法-15.0-14.789.399.9114.7
18EDG10-02c露头Ⅳ期钻具微区取样-7.9-8.8106.754.164.0
18EDG10-02b露头Ⅳ期钻具微区取样-8.1-10.1105.663.173.8
18EDG10-02a露头Ⅳ期钻具微区取样-8.1-8.7106.553.663.4
18EDG1-02c露头Ⅳ期钻具微区取样-7.0-12.0106.976.889.0
18EDG1-02b露头Ⅳ期钻具微区取样-9.5-10.5102.765.776.7
18EDG1-02a露头Ⅳ期钻具微区取样-7.1-11.8106.975.487.5

Fig.4

Petrographic characteristics of fluid inclusions in He8 member"

Fig.5

Homogeneous temperature distribution range of fluid inclusions in He8 member of study area"

Fig.6

Laser Raman spectrum of typical fluid inclusions in He8 member"

Fig.7

Buried thermal evolution history of the Upper Paleozoic reservoir in the southwestern Ordos Basin(according to Refs. [22-23])"

Fig.8

Identification of carbonate cement material source in He8 sandstone reservoir (according to Ref.[25])"

Fig.9

Diagram of cement content vs porosity and permeability"

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