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Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (4): 532-541.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2020.01.002

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Stress sensitivity of deep tight gas-reservoir sandstone in Tarim Basin

Yi-li KANG1(),Chao-jin LI1,Li-jun YOU1,Jia-xue LI2,Zhen ZHANG2,Tao WANG2   

  1. 1.State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
    2.PetroChina Tarim Oilfield Company, Korla 841000, China
  • Received:2019-11-19 Revised:2020-01-07 Online:2020-04-10 Published:2020-04-26
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China(51604236);The Science and Technology Program of Sichuan Province(2018JY0436);The State Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Reservoir Geology and Exploitation (Southwest Petroleum University)(PLN201913)

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Abstract:

Deep and ultra-deep tight sandstone gas reservoir is the key exploration and development object of unconventional oil and gas resources in Tarim Basin. In the process of drilling, completion and production, it often shows complex engineering behavior which is sensitive to the change of wellbore fluid column pressure or bottom hole flow pressure. In order to reveal the stress sensitive characteristics and main controlling factors of deep tight sandstone, taking the three gas reseruiroivs in Tarim Basin as examples, the stress sensitivity experiment of fracture and block samples are carried out under simulated increasing confining pressure. By scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the casting thin sections, X-ray diffraction (XRD), high pressure mercury injection, the effects of pore structure, mineral composition and fracture development on stress sensitivity of deep tight sandstone were analyzed. The research results show that the stress sensitivity coefficient of the block rock samples of deep tight sandstone reservoir in Tarim Basin ranges from 0.280 6 to 0.771 4, and the stress sensitivity degree is from moderately strong to strong, which is KS（0.771 4）>DB（0.654 0）>YM（0.579 6）. The stress sensitivity coefficient of the fractured samples of deep tight sandstone reservoir in Tarim Basin ranges from 0.532 3 to 0.806 9, and the stress sensitivity degree is from moderately strong to strong, which is YM（0.726 2）>KS（0.693 5）>DB（0.626 5）. The stress sensitivity of deep tight sandstone is controlled by a combination of factors including depth, pore structure, mineral composition and fracture development. The stress sensitivity of the block rock sample is positively correlated with the depth of the reservoir, the content of unstable mineral components and clay minerals, and negatively correlated with the quartz content, porosity, permeability and pore throat radius of the reservoir. The stress sensitivity of fracture samples is mainly controlled by the fracture width, which decreases with the increase of fracture width.

Key words: Tight sandstone, Gas reservoir, Stress sensitive, Tarim Basin, Deep, Pore structure, Mineral composition, Fracture

CLC Number: 

  • TE348

Table 1

Comparison of sampling horizon and physical properties of tight sandstone experimental rock samples"

典型气藏层位埋深/m裂缝密度/（条/m）孔隙度/%渗透率/（10-3 μm2）
DBJ1a5 029.60~5 093.610.10~0.431.63~10.300.003~29.400
YMS1k5 650.97~5 814.001.87~3.432.00~10.000.001~1.000
KSK1bs6 770.18~7 852.880.60~0.671.00~5.000.005~0.035

Table 2

Evaluation index of stress sensitivity coefficient"

SsSs <0.050.05≤Ss≤0.300.30<Ss≤0.500.50<Ss≤0.700.70<Ss≤1.00Ss>1.00
应力敏感程度无弱中等偏弱中等偏强强极强

Table 3

Experimental results of stress sensitivity evaluation of tight sandstone samples in Tarim Basin"

气藏

岩样

编号

孔隙度/%

渗透率/

（10-3 μm2）

不同有效应力下的渗透率/（10-3 μm2）应力敏感系数Ss

应力敏感

程度

备注
3 MPa10 MPa30 MPa50 MPa
DBDB17.890.0930.0930.052 80.007 800.004 20.673 7中等偏强基块
DB26.380.0880.0880.053 00.032 100.016 70.644 3中等偏强
DB3/16.35416.35410.3993.729 251.271 90.626 5中等偏强裂缝
DB4/1.0591.0590.8210.329 600.102 10.680 6中等偏强
DB58.2151.22051.22016.4301.457 000.869 20.612 8中等偏强
YMYM12.350.005 210.005 210.000 730.000 160.000 070.674 7中等偏强基块
YM24.300.144 000.144 000.095 30.053 80.039 000.280 6弱
YM32.670.009 080.009 080.001 230.000 30.000 170.656 7中等偏强
YM44.020.093 300.093 300.019 000.006 850.003 750.579 6中等偏强
YM53.290.140 000.140 000.217 000.002 870.001 250.695 5中等偏强
YM63.150.007 340.007 340.001 680.000 520.000 290.577 3中等偏强
YM72.620.004 950.004 950.001 220.000 470.000 270.541 7中等偏强
YM87.515.3655.3650.224 80.007 540.001 410.806 9强裂缝
YM97.3110.43010.4302.860 00.240 000.080 000.647 4中等偏强
KSKS13.180.0250.0250.005 82//0.865 6强基块
KS24.790.0050.0050.002 150.000 58/0.509 2中等偏强
KS32.930.0430.0430.010 860.003 02/0.681 8中等偏强
KS44.080.0040.0040.003 000.000 60/0.771 4强
KS53.770.0250.0250.001 99//0.890 9强
KS6/53.6853.6831.827.894.010.698 5中等偏强裂缝[22]
KS7/28.8828.886.521.250.400.643 7中等偏强
KS8/117.99117.9925.445.081.060.532 3中等偏强
KS9/79.0079.0026.207.363.580.693 5中等偏强
KS10/41.9441.9413.111.970.640.722 2强
KS11/22.1922.193.880.430.110.629 7中等偏强

Fig.1

Permeability stress sensitivity of typical block rock samples in tight sandstone"

Fig.2

Permeability stress sensitivity of typical fractured rock samples in tight sandstone"

Table 4

Contents of tight sandstone rock components"

气藏石英/%钾长石/%斜长石/%岩屑/%黏土矿物/%基质/%胶结物/%应力敏感系数
DB55~8268.002.28~21.638.230~8.603.7420.014.06~13.6510.60//0.654 0
YM67~8879.250~2.001.120~1.000.127.00~25.0017.86<51.0~14.04.9<1.0~13.01.800.579 6
KS35~4842.5012.00~23.0018.105.00~17.0011.8014.00~47.0027.305.78~19.6411.951.0~9.03.51.0~27.013.00.771 4

Fig.3

Relationship between stress sensitivity coefficient and initial pore permeability"

Fig.4

Casting thin sections images and SEM images of DB, YM and KS areas[31]"

Table 5

Basic parameters of pore structure"

气藏孔隙度/%渗透率/（10-3 μm2）中值孔喉半径/μm最大孔喉半径/μm平均孔喉半径/μm
DB2.20~9.000.040~29.4000.100~0.5300.25~11.850.100~1.790
YM2.00~10.000.001~1.0000.030~3.3700.11~10.760.040~2.070
KS1.70~6.100.027~0.1170.008~0.0620.08~0.660.014~0.085

Fig.5

Relationship between stress sensitivity coefficient and depth of gas reservoir"

Fig.6

Relationship between stress sensitivity coefficient and initial fracture width"

Table 6

Statistics on the leakage of working fluid and the effect of leakage control in KS area"

井号漏失层段/m漏失总量/m3漏失原因备注
KS17 509.0~7 635.03.4储层裂缝发育试验井
KS27 540.0~7 720.013.9储层裂缝发育试验井
KS36 703.0~6 742.01 239.0储层裂缝非常发育非试验井
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