Natural Gas Geoscience ›› 2020, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 317-324.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2019.12.003

    Next Articles

Effect of water on seepage capacity of shale with microcracks

Wei-yao ZHU(),Bai-chuan WANG(),Dong-xu MA,Kun HUANG,Bing-bing LI   

  1. Civil and Resource Engineering School,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2019-06-24 Revised:2019-12-06 Online:2020-03-10 Published:2020-03-26
  • Contact: Bai-chuan WANG E-mail:weiyaook@sina.com;1033357385@qq.com
  • Supported by:
    The National Natural Science Foundation of China(51974013)

Abstract:

The shale reservoir develops cracks with different scales after hydraulic fracturing. The flowback fluid stays in the reservoir and the fracture, changing the water saturation of the shale reservoir, thus affecting the flow of shale gas. In order to study the effect of water on the seepage capacity of shale reservoirs under micro-crack conditions, the black shale of the Longmaxi Formation reservoir in Sichuan Province was selected and the core experiment was carried out after the crack-making treatment via Brazilian cracking. The influencing factors of shale reservoir seepage capacity under water condition were analyzed by the experimental methods of scanning electron microscopy and the theory of seepage mechanics. The results show that clay mineral content and fracture network development determine seepage capacity of shale reservoirs. The more clay minerals, the greater the decline of reservoir seepage capacity. The opening of the main crack and the distribution pattern of the micro crack control the scope of water in the crack system. The equations of the decreasing extent and area density of seepage capacity were established by fitting experimental data, and the influence of water on shale seepage capacity under micro-crack conditions was analyzed.

Key words: Shale gas, Microcrack, Clay minerals, Seepage capacity

CLC Number: 

  • TE312

Fig.1

Rock samples of different fractures"

Fig.2

CT scanning characteristics of shale sample crack"

Table 1

Core sample basic data"

样品编号M1M2M3
长度/cm4.754.574.16
直径/cm2.532.532.52
孔隙度/%1.071.651.16
渗透率/(10-3μm2)2.2510.1734.03

Fig.3

Clay minerals and relative content of whole rock minerals"

Fig.4

Experimental setup"

Fig.5

Experimental device flow"

Fig.6

Change of micro-fracture seepage capacity before and after water action"

Fig.7

Clay minerals on both sides of the microcrack"

Fig.8

Relationship between clay mineral content and seepage capacity"

Fig.9

Relationship between the decline of seepage capacity and pressure gradient"

Table 2

Experimental sample rock property parameters"

样品编号M1M2M3
束缚水饱和度/%1.49.65.8
主裂缝宽度/μm7.18.215.5
渗流能力下降幅度/%86170
裂缝表面积/cm2132935

Table 3

Core bound water quality and area density"

岩心编号渗流能力下降幅度/%滞留水质量/g面积密度/(g/cm2)
M1280.079 160.006 089
700.544 70.041 9
950.869 90.066 92
M2510.947 10.032 66
701.032 50.035 6
821.215 70.041 92
M3902.208 90.063 11
902.208 90.063 11
902.208 90.063 11

Fig.10

Relationship between the decrease of seepage capacity and the area density"

1 张金川,金之钧,袁明生.页岩气成藏机理和分布[J].天然气工业,2004,24(7):15-18,131-132.
ZHANG J C, JIN Z J, YUAN M S. Reservoiring mechanism of shale gas and its distribution[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2004,24(7):15-18,131-132.
2 佚名.我国最大页岩气田2018年产气量[J].能源与环境,2019(2):27.
NONE. China's largest shale gas field gas production in 2018[J]. Energy and Environment,2019(2):27.
3 邹才能,董大忠,王玉满,等.中国页岩气特征、挑战及前景(二)[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(2):166-178.
ZOU C N, DONG D Z, WANG Y M, et al. Shale gas in China: Characteristics, challenges and prospects(Ⅱ)[J]. Petroleum Exploration & Development, 2016,43(2):166-178.
4 张磊, 康钦军, 姚军, 等. 页岩压裂中压裂液返排率低的孔隙尺度模拟与解释[J]. 科学通报, 2014, 59(32): 3197-3203.
ZHANG L, TANG Q J, YAO J, et al. The explanation of low recovery of fracturing fluid in shale hydraulic fracturing by pore-scale simulation[J].Chinese Science Bulletin, 2014,59(32):3197-3203.
5 VIDIC R D, BRANTLEY S L, VANDENBOSSCHE J M, et al. Impact of shale gas development on regional water quality [J]. Science,2013,340(6134): 1235009.
6 方朝合,黄志龙,王巧智,等.富含气页岩储层超低含水饱和度成因及意义[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(3):471-476.
FANG C H, HUANG Z L, WANG Q Z, et al. Cause and significance of the ultra-low water saturation in gas-enriched shale reservoir[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2014,25(3):471-476.
7 胡勇,邵阳,陆永亮,等.低渗气藏储层孔隙中水的赋存模式及对气藏开发的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(1):176-181.
HU Y, SHAO Y, LU Y L, et al. Experimental study on occurrence models of water in pores and the influencing to the development of tight gas reservoir[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2011,22(1):176-181.
8 CURTIS M E, SONDERGELD C H, AMBROSE R J, et al. Microstructural investigation of gas shales in two and three dimensions using nanometer-scale resolution imaging[J]. AAPG Bulletin, 2012,96(4):665-677.
9 ZHANG J. Creation and Impairment of Hydraulic Fracture Conductivity in Shale Formations[C].College Station: Texas A & M University, c2014.
10 SHARMA M M, YORTSOS Y C, HANDY L L. Release and Deposition of Clays in Sandstones[C]//Paper SPE 13562Presented at the SPE Oilfield and Geothermal Chemistry Symposium, Phoenix, Arizona U.S.A., 1985,9-11 March. Richardson: Society of Petroleum Engineers, 1985.
11 ZHANG J, KAMENOV A, ZHU D, et al. Laboratory measurement of hy-draulic fracture conductivities in the Barnett shale[J]. SPE Production & Operations, 2013, 29(3), 216-227.
12 ZHANG J, KAMENOV A, ZHU D, et al. Measurement of realistic fracture conductivities in the Barnett Shale[C/OL]//Conference Proceedings, IPTC2013: International Petroleum Technology Conference, Mar 2013,cp-350-00030[2013-05-30].
doi: 10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.350.iptc16444
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.350.iptc16444.
doi: 10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.350.iptc16444
13 李东晖,聂海宽.一种考虑气藏特征的页岩含气量计算方法——以四川盆地及其周缘焦页1井和彭页1井为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2019,40(6):1324-1332.
LI D H, NIE H K. A new method to calculate shale gas content based on gas reservoir characterization: A case study of Wells JY 1 and PY 1 in Sichuan Basin and its surrounding areas[J]. Oil & Gas Geology, 2019,40(6):1324-1332.
14 LIN S, LAI B. Experimental Investigation of Water Saturation Effects on Barnett Shale’s Geomechanical Behaviors[C]//Paper SPE 166234 Presented at the SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. New Orleans,LouisianaU.S.A.,2013.30 September-2 October. Richardson: Society of Petroleum Engineers, c2013.
15 赵佩, 李贤庆, 田兴旺, 等. 川南地区龙马溪组页岩气储层微孔隙结构特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014, 25(6): 947-956.
ZHAO P, LI X Q, TIAN X W, et al. Study on micropore structure characteristics of Longmaxi Formation shale gas reservoirs in the southern Sichuan Basin[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2014,25(6):947-956.
16 冒海军,郭印同,王光进,等.黏土矿物组构对水化作用影响评价[J].岩土力学,2010,31(9):2723-2728.
MAO H J, GUO Y T, WANG G J, et al. Evaluation of impact of clay mineral fabrics on hydration process[J]. Rock and Soil Mechanics, 2010,31(9):2723-2728.
17 游利军,谢本彬,杨建,等.页岩气井压裂液返排对储层裂缝的损害机理[J].天然气工业,2018,38(12):61-69.
YOU L J, XIE B B,YANG J, et al. Mechanism of fracture damage induced by fracturing fluid flowback in shale gas reservoirs[J]. Natural Gas Industry, 2018,38(12):61-69.
[1] Zhi-heng SHU, Dong-liang FANG, Ai-wei ZHENG, Chao LIU, Li LIU, Jing JI, Bang LIANG. Geological characteristics and development potential of upper shale gas reservoirs of the 1st member of Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba area, Sichuan Basin [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2020, 31(3): 393-401.
[2] Qiu ZHONG, Xue-hai FU, Miao ZHANG, Qing-hui ZHANG, Wei-ping CHENG. Development potential of Carboniferous-Permian coal measures shales gas in Qinshui coalfield [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2020, 31(1): 110-121.
[3] Lei-fu Zhang, Da-zhong Dong, Sha-sha Sun, Rong-ze Yu, Lin Li, Shi-yao Lin, Xiao-hu Ouyang, Zhen-sheng Shi, Jin Wu, Yan Chang, Chao Ma, Ning Li. Application of 3D geological modeling in quantitative characterization of shale gas sweet spots: Case study of Zhaotong national demonstration area of Yangtze region [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(9): 1332-1340.
[4] Meng⁃qi Zhang, Cai⁃neng Zou, Ping Guan, Da⁃zhong Dong, Sha⁃sha Sun, Zhen⁃sheng Shi, Zhi⁃xin Li, Zi⁃qi Feng, Lilamaocaidan. Pore-throat characteristics of deep shale gas reservoirs in south of Sichuan Basin: Case study of Longmaxi Formation in Well Z201 of Zigong area [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(9): 1349-1361.
[5] You Yuan, Liang Xiao-wei, Feng Sheng-bin, Niu Xiao-bing, Dan Wei-dong, Li Wei-cheng, Wang Fang, . Features and geological significance of main clay minerals in Chang 7 tight sandstone reservoir,Ordos Basin [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(8): 1233-1241.
[6] Wang Ke, Li Hai-tao, Li Liu-jie, Zhang Qing, Bu Cheng-zhong, Wang Zhi-qiang. Research on three widely-used empirical decline methods for shale gas wells in Weiyuan block of the Sichuan Basin [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(7): 946-954.
[7] Gou Qi-yang, Xu Shang, Hao Fang, Shu Zhi-guo, Yang Feng, Lu Yang-bo, Zhang Ai-hua, Wang Yu-xuan, Cheng Xuan, Qing Jia-wei, Gao Meng-tian. A comprehensive evaluation index of gas-bearing property of shale reservoirs based on grey relation and its application:Case study of Jiaoshiba area,Sichuan Basin [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(7): 1045-1052.
[8] Cui Chun-lan, Dong Zhen-guo, Wu De-shan. Rock mechanics study and fracability evaluation forLongmaxi Formation of Baojing block in Hunan Province [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(5): 626-634.
[9] Wang Xiu-ping, Mou Chuan-long, Xiao Zhao-hui, Zheng Bin-song, Chen Yao, Wang Qi-yu. Sedimentary characteristics of Ordovician Wufeng Formation-Silurian Longmaxi Formation in southwestern Hubei Province [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(5): 635-651.
[10] Huang Xiao-qing, Wang Jian-jun, Du Yue, Li Lin, Zhang Zhuo. Discussion on development mode of smaller well spacing and tridimensional development in the YS108 block,Zhaotong National Shale Gas Demonstration Area [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(4): 557-565.
[11] Zeng Fan-hui, Peng Fan, Guo Jian-chun, Zhong Hua, Xiang Jian-hua. The gas mass transport model considering the dynamic change of micro-fracture width in shale [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(2): 237-246.
[12] Zhang Lei, Xu Bing-xiang, Xin Cui-ping, Qiao Xiang-yang, Mu Jing-fu, Xu Yang, Han Chang-chun. Production forecasting model of shale gas considering the main fractures [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(2): 247-256.
[13] Xie Wei-yang, Liu Xu-ning, Wu Jian-fa, Zhang Jian, Wu Tian-peng, Chen Man. Production decline characteristic and dynamic monitoring of  horizontal well group in shale gas reservoirs [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(2): 257-265.
[14] Xu Jia-xiang, Ding Yun-hong, Yang Li-feng, Liu Zhe, Chen Ting. Two-dimensional reconstruction and multipoint initiation of tortuous micro-fractures in shale gas reservoirs [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(2): 285-294.
[15] Xiang-ni Cao,Zhen-xue Jiang,De-yu Zhu,Heng-yuan Qiu,Lei Chen,Dong-dong Luo,Zi-jun Shuang,Wei-bang Li. Lithofacies types and reservoir characteristics of continental shales of Ziliujing Formation in northeastern Sichuan Basin [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2019, 30(12): 1782-1793.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] . biaotiyingwen[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2000, 11(3): 44 -45 .
[2] . THE STUDY OF THE OIL-PRONE & GAS-PRONE FOR JURASSIC COALS[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(2): 183 -186 .
[3] ZHU Jun-zhang,SHI He-sheng,SHU Yu,DU Jia-yuan,LUO Jun-lian. HEATING AND PRESSING SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS OF TYPICAL SOURCE ROCKS OF ZHU 1 DEPRESSION--DISCUSSION OF MODES OF HYDROCARBON GENERATION AND EXPELLATION AND TOC RECOVERY COEFFICIENTS[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(4): 573 -578 .
[4] WAN Yan-rong,YANG Zhan-long, WEI Li-hua, HUANG Yun-feng,GUO Jing-yi, LI Zai-gu. SEDIMENTARY FACIES FEATURES OF SANJIANFANG AND QIKETAI FORMATIONOF MIDDLE JURASSIC IN NORTH OF TAIBEI, TUHA BASIN[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2006, 17(5): 693 -697 .
[5] JIN bo,LIU Zhen,LI Xu-shen. THE STUDY ON TRANSFERS SYSTEM OF NATURAL GAS OF YINGDONG SLOPE[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2004, 15(5): 498 -502 .
[6] . A NEW TESTING METHOD OF GAS WELL POTENTIAL:BACKPRESSURE ISOCHRONAL TEST[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2004, 15(5): 540 -544 .
[7] . [J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 1997, 8(3): 1 -8 .
[8] . STUDY ON QUANTITATIVE IDENTIFICATION MODEL OF MIXED OILS FROM  SUQIAO -WENAN AREA IN JIZHONG DEPRESSION PART I: GENETIC  TYPES AND GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF CRUDE OILS[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2004, 15(2): 115 -119 .
[9] . SEDIMENTARY FACIES OF THE FORTH SUB-MEMBER OF THE SHANSHAN FORMATION AT SHANLE OIL AND GAS FIELD IN TUHA BASIN[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2004, 15(1): 82 -86 .
[10] YUAN Zhi-hua,MEI Bo-wen, SHE Yu-hui, XIANG Ting-sheng. MICROBIAL PROSPECTING FOR GAS IN MANITE DEPRESSION OF ERLIAN BASIN[J]. Natural Gas Geoscience, 2004, 15(2): 162 -165 .