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Diagenesis of sandstone and its implications for reservoir quality evaluationin the deep Xishanyao Formation in the central Junggar Basin

Zhang Zhen-yu1,2,Zhang Li-kuan1,Luo Xiao-rong1,Cao Bin-feng1,Lin Hui-xi3,Zeng Zhi-ping3,Qin Feng3,He Wen-jun4,Li Chao1,2,Lei Yu-hong1   

  1. 1.Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China; 2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China; 3.Shengli Oilfield Exploration and Development Research Institute,SINOPEC,Dongying 257000,China; 4.School of Geosciences,China University of Petroleum,Qingdao 266580,China
  • Received:2019-03-06 Revised:2019-04-02 Online:2019-05-10

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Abstract: Petrology and diagenetic features of the Middle Jurassic Xishanyao Formation sandstones in the Yongjin area of the central Junggar Basin are studied,based on an integrated method of thin section,scanning electron microscopy,electron probe and X-ray diffraction.The effects of diagenesis on the deep reservoir quality and the formation of high-quality reservoir rocks are investigated.The Xishanyao Formation sandstones are deposited in delta front facies,and are mainly very fine- to medium- grained litharenites and minor feldspathic litharenites.Authigenic minerals are dominated by combinations of calcite,Fe-calcite,ankerite,clay minerals,quartz,with minor amounts of zeolites and pyrite;Specific diagenetic factors that exert control on reservoir quality include mechanical compaction,carbonate and clay cementation and dissolution.Mechanical compaction is the primary cause of intergranular porosity loss through deformation of ductile grains.Carbonates fill residual intergranular pores and this causes the important diagenetic damages resulting in porosity reduction and enhancing reservoir heterogeneity.Chlorite coats may preserve porosity through the inhibition of pore-filling quartz cementation.The selective dissolution of unstable grains enhances porosity.The diagenetic patterns are mainly governed by detrital grain size and composition.Fairly moderate mechanical compaction,limited cementation,extensive chlorite precipitation and dissolution mainly occur in relatively coarser-grained sandstones in the middle-lower part of a distributary channel that contains less abundant ductile grains.Thus these coarser-grained sandstones constitute high-quality reservoir rocks in the Xishanyao Formation.This study shows that diagenetic pattern in deep sandstones is determined by original depositional environment,and reservoir quality distribution is fundamentally related to depositional facies and internal architectural structure of a reservoir.Therefore,unravelling the relationship between initial depositional conditions and diagenetic processes can provide insight into reservoir quality prediction for deep sandstones.

Key words: Diagenesis, Reservoir quality, High-quality reservoir, Deep strata, Yongjin area

CLC Number: 

  • TE122.3+2
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