天然气地球科学 ›› 2021, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (9): 1393–1402.doi: 10.11764/j.issn.1672-1926.2021.04.003

• 天然气地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

酒西盆地砂岩储层碳酸盐胶结物分布及碳、氧稳定同位素富集特征

苟迎春1,2(),张小军1,2,李延丽1,张世铭1,2,秦九妹3,吴梁宇1,2   

  1. 1.中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,甘肃 兰州 730020
    2.中国石油天然气集团公司油藏描述重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020
    3.中国石油集团测井有限公司青海分公司,甘肃 敦煌 736202
  • 收稿日期:2020-12-29 修回日期:2021-03-24 出版日期:2021-09-10 发布日期:2021-09-14
  • 作者简介:苟迎春(1972-),男,甘肃灵台人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事沉积、储层研究.E-mail:gouyc@petrochina.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    中国石油天然气股份有限公司重大科技专项(2012E-3301)

Distribution of carbonate cements and enrichment characteristics of carbon and oxygen stable isotopes in sandstone reservoirs in Jiuxi Basin

Yingchun GOU1,2(),Xiaojun ZHANG1,2,Yanli LI1,Shiming ZHANG1,2,Jiumei QIN3,Liangyu WU1,2   

  1. 1.Northwest Branch of CNPC Research Institute for Exploration and Development,Lanzhou 730020,China
    2.Key Laboratory of Reservoir Characterization,CNPC,Lanzhou 730020,China
    3.Qinghai Branch of China Petroleum Collective Logging Co. Ltd. ,Dunhuang 736202,China
  • Received:2020-12-29 Revised:2021-03-24 Online:2021-09-10 Published:2021-09-14
  • Supported by:
    The China National Petroleum Corporation Science & Technology Major Project(2012E-3301)

摘要:

碳酸盐胶结物是酒西盆地石油沟油田古近系白杨河群间泉子组(N1b1)M油组砂岩储层中最重要的自生矿物,其含量及分布是储层定量评价的主要参数。通过矿物学、岩石学和地球化学测试分析认为,该区碳酸盐胶结物主要以方解石为主,少量白云石胶结物,胶结物分布范围为2.11%~56.39%,平均为12.93%。碳酸盐胶结物以基底式、孔隙式结构为主,部分斑点状、环边状。研究表明,不同微相砂体中碳酸盐胶结物相对含量明显不同,其中沙坝微相含量最高,平均为14.6%,河心滩微相含量最低,平均为8.09%,而滞留沉积微相含量居中,平均为7.73%。碳、氧稳定同位素分析表明,δ18O(PDB)值为-11.14‰~-3.25‰,δ13C(PDB)值为-7.32‰~-0.42‰,显示了该区碳酸盐胶结物来自淡水—微咸水环境,与溶解—沉积作用相关。δ13C、δ18O 值呈现由深部到浅部逐渐变小、变轻的趋势,说明由深到浅大气淡水影响逐渐增强,水体盐度减小,成岩温度逐渐增高。研究还发现,碳酸盐胶结物δ18O、δ13C值的分异与油气富集程度具较好的分区性,油浸—含油级砂岩碳酸盐胶结物富集δ13C,油斑—油迹级砂岩缺少δ18O同位素,荧光级砂岩胶结物同时缺少δ18O和δ13C同位素。

关键词: 碳酸盐胶结物, 碳、氧稳定同位素, 间泉子段M油组, 石油沟油田, 酒西盆地

Abstract:

Carbonate cements are the most important authigenic minerals in sandstone reservoirs of Paleogene Baiyanghe Group Jianquanzi Formation(N1b1) M oil formation in Shiyougou oilfield, Jiuxi Basin. The content and distribution of carbonate cements are the main parameters of reservoir quantitative evaluation. According to the analysis of mineralogy, petrology and geochemistry, the carbonate cements in this area are mainly calcite and a small amount of dolomite cements. The distribution range of cements is 2.11%-56.39%, with an average of 12.93%. Carbonate cements mainly have base-like structures, some of which are speckled and ringed. The distribution and content of carbonate cements are controlled by sedimentary microfacies. The braided river bar has the highest carbonate content with an average of 14.6%, the riverbank microfacies sand body has an average of 8.09%, and the retained conglomerate carbonate cements at the bottom of the river channel have a medium content with an average of 7. 73%.The δ18O(PDB) and δ13C(PDB) values range from -11.14‰ to -3.25‰ and from -7.32‰ to -0.42‰, respectively, indicating that the carbonate cements in this area come from fresh-bracky-water environment and are related to dissolution-deposition. The δ13C and δ18O values gradually decrease and become lighter from deep to shallow, indicating that the influence of atmospheric fresh water gradually increases, water salinity decreases and diagenetic temperature increases gradually from deep to shallow. It is also found that the differentiation of δ18O and δ13C values of carbonate cements and the degree of hydrocarbon enrichment have a good zonation. The carbonate cements of oil-immersed to oil-bearing sandstones are enriched in δ13C, the oil-spot to oil-trace sandstones lack δ18O isotopes, and the fluorium-grade sandstones lack both δ18O and δ13C isotopes.

Key words: Carbonate cement, Carbon and oxygen isotopes, M-oil group, Shiyougou oil field, Jiuxi Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1+13

图1

酒西盆地石油沟油田构造位置图(a)及M油组地层柱状图(b)"

图2

石油沟油田M油组岩石类型、岩石成分及显微照片(a) 岩石类型分布特征; (b) 岩石成份; (c) SN725井,M油组,741.25 m,含灰泥质岩屑不等粒砂岩,填隙物主要为棕红色杂基和方解石,(+),×50,普通薄片; (d) SN208井,M油组,579.12 m,棕含灰含泥岩屑不等粒砂岩,方解石多呈小点状与杂基共生,(+),×50,普通薄片"

图3

石油沟油田M油组碳酸盐岩胶结方式(a) SN725井,M油组,716.75 m,棕红色油迹细砂岩,呈基底式胶结的方解石胶结物(阴极发光橙色),×50,阴极发光; (b) SN208井,M油组,579.12 m,棕红色油迹细砂岩,裂缝被方解石胶结物(阴极发光橙黄色光)填充,×50,阴极发光;(c) SN208井,M油组,525.15 m,棕红色荧光细砂岩,自生白云石及蒙皂石孔隙式胶结,扫描电镜;(d) SN725井,M油组,712.3 m,不等粒砂岩,亮晶方解石斑点状胶结,(+),×50,普通薄片"

图4

SN725井M油组岩性、电性、物性、含油性及沉积序列柱状图"

表1

M油组砂岩胶结物δ13C和δ18O同位素测定值"

序号样品号岩性含油饱和度/%δ18O/‰δ13C/‰Z
110-15-8棕红色荧光细砂岩36.20-10.13-7.32107
211-8-9棕红色荧光细砂岩38.43-10.69-5.51111
312-2-8棕红色荧光细砂岩16.51-10.04-5.72111
412-28-7棕红色荧光细砂岩48.83-11.14-5.34111
513-6-7棕红色油迹细砂岩43.57-11.12-5.18111
613-10-18棕红色含砾细砂岩35.92-10.89-5.36111
714-1-9棕红色荧光细砂岩19.48-11.09-5.68110
815-4-21棕红色油斑细砂岩61.14-3.98-1.93121
915-8-9棕红色油斑细砂岩67.48-5.02-1.76121
1015-16-7棕红色油浸细砂岩64.07-3.25-1.83122
1115-24-15棕红色油斑细砂岩77.01-9.41-1.78119
1216-7-7棕红色油浸细砂岩64.93-3.97-1.74122
1316-16-7棕红色油浸细砂岩68.83-3.92-1.85122
1416-24-7棕红色油浸细砂岩51.67-3.88-1.59122
1517-8-18棕红色油浸细砂岩66.49-3.75-1.77122
1618-5-7棕红色油浸细砂岩43.98-9.43-3.59115
1718-10-7棕红色油浸细砂岩66.98-9.12-3.85115
1818-15-7棕红色油浸细砂岩76.34-9.22-4.46114
1918-34-7棕红色油浸细砂岩50.39-9.59-3.97114
2019-14-7棕红色油浸细砂岩77.60-9.67-4.5113
2119-22-7棕红色油斑细砂岩53.80-9.61-2.98116
2219-26-7棕红色油斑细砂岩52.60-7.51-1.64120
2320-4-7棕红色油斑细砂岩71.15-7.22-1.58120
2420-8-7棕红色油斑细砂岩56.52-7.35-1.62120
2520-12-9棕红色油斑细砂岩45.31-8.61-1.85119
2620-16-7棕红色油斑细砂岩77.07-8.21-1.68120
2720-20-9棕红色油斑细砂岩62.20-6.82-1.35121
2821-2-6棕红色油迹细砂岩64.25-7.39-1.51121
2921-18-17棕红色油迹细砂岩53.42-8.18-2.72118
3021-30-9棕红色油迹细砂岩40.35-5.32-0.93123
3122-6-12棕红色油迹细砂岩64.46-7.43-0.42123

图5

酒西盆地M油组与其他盆地古近纪渐新统砂岩储层碳酸盐胶结物碳、氧稳定同位素对照(据文献[10]修改)"

图6

M油组砂岩碳酸盐胶结物δ13C值与深度(a)及Z值与深度关系(b)"

图7

M油组砂岩胶结物δ18O、δ13C分异与含油性关系"

图8

M油组砂岩储层碳酸盐胶结物含量与物性相关关系(a) 碳酸盐胶结物与孔隙度的关系;(b) 碳酸盐胶结物与渗透率的关系"

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