天然气地球科学

• 天然气地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

南海西部深水区气田天然气地球化学特征差异及其成因

熊小峰,郭潇潇,朱继田,郭明刚,李兴   

  1. 中海石油(中国)有限公司湛江分公司,广东 湛江 524057
  • 收稿日期:2019-02-25 修回日期:2019-04-23 出版日期:2019-07-10
  • 作者简介:熊小峰(1986-),男,湖北应城人,工程师,硕士,主要从事油气地球化学与成藏综合研究.E-mail:xiongxf@cnooc.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    国家“十三五”科技重大专项“琼东南盆地深水区大中型气田形成条件及勘探关键技术”(编号:2016ZX05026-002)资助.

Causes of natural gas geochemical differences in the deep water area gas field,western South China Sea

Xiong Xiao-feng,Guo Xiao-xiao,Zhu Ji-tian,Guo Ming-gang,Li Xing   

  1. Zhanjiang Branch of CNOOC Ltd.,Guangdong 524057,China
  • Received:2019-02-25 Revised:2019-04-23 Online:2019-07-10
  • About author:Xiong Xiaofeng(1986-), Male, Engineer, Master, Mainly engaged in comprehensive research on oil and gas geochemistry and reservoir formation. E-mail:xiongxf@cnooc.com.cn.
  • Supported by:

    Supported by the China National Science and Technology Major Project for the 13th Five-Year Plan “Formation conditions and key exploration techniques of large and medium-sized gas fields in deep water area of Qiongdongnan Basin” (Grant No. 2016ZX05026-002).

摘要: 在琼东南盆地深水中东区勘探新发现了与西区中央峡谷气田特征不同的天然气。目前关于它们的差异及其成因的研究甚少,制约了研究区进一步勘探工作。在油气地球化学特征精细剖析基础上,综合烃源岩沉积环境、孢粉相及地球化学等资料对天然气差异成因进行研究。结果表明,深水区天然气主要为源自下渐新统的煤型气,但不同区天然气重烃碳同位素组成、干燥系数与伴生凝析油甾烷特征及全油碳同位素组成等差别明显。依据差异将深水区煤型气细分为M型与C型2种。前者主要见于中部松南低凸起及东区凹陷边缘,后者见于西区中央峡谷内。两类气差异根源在于二者的烃源岩沉积环境及生气母质的组成不同。除了已形成中央峡谷大型气田C型煤型气外,M型天然气的烃源岩亦具有良好品质和较强的生气潜力,将是深水区天然气勘探的又一重要类型。

关键词: 天然气, 地球化学特征差异, 类型划分, 差异分布, 深水区, 南海西部

Abstract: A recent discovery of new gas type has been found in the central and eastern deep water of Qiongdongnan Basin,which is proved to be different from the found gases in the western part.The discrepancy and origin discussions are rare and preconditions have been urgent for further exploration.This work exhibits a comprehensive understanding of source rock sedimentation,palynofacies and detailed gas geochemistry to study the formation of natural gas.It is concluded that source rocks in the Lower Oligocene contribute to the natural gas in the deep water,whereas differences are remarkable in the parts of exploration.Chemical and isotopic characteristics of gas and oil have been conducted and two types,Type M and Type C,have been recognized.Gas type M has been usually seen in Songnan Uplift in the central part and the margin of eastern sag.Gas type C is discovered in the western Central Canyon.The main discrepancy of the origin for the gas discovered is the source rock sedimentation environment and the precursor reserved therein.Gas type M has been emerged to be a good gas potential and quality besides the Gas type C found in the central canyon,which will be another important type of natural gas exploration in deep water areas.

Key words: Natural gas, Geochemical differences, Type classification, Differentiated distribution, Deep water area, Western South China Sea

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1+13
[1]Huang Baojia,Wang Zhengfeng,Liang Gang.Natural gas source and migration-accumulation pattern in the central canyon,the deep water area,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].China offshore Oil and Gas,2014,26(5):8-14.
黄保家,王振峰,梁刚.琼东南盆地深水区中央峡谷天然气来源及运聚模式[J].中国海上油气,2014,26(5):8-14.
[2]Liang Gang,Gan Jun,Li Xing.Genetic types and origin of natural gas in Lingshui Sag,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2015,27(4):47-53.
梁刚,甘军,李兴.琼东南盆地陵水凹陷天然气成因类型及来源[J].中国海上油气,2015,27(4):47-53.
[3]Huang Baojia,Tian Hui,Li Xushen,et al.Geochemistry,origin and accumulation of natural gases in the deepwater area of the Qiongdongnan Basin,South China Sea[J].Marine & Petroleum Geology,2016,72:254-267.
[4]Huang Heting,Huang Baojia,Huang Yiwen,et al.Condensate origin and hydrocarbon accumulation mechanism of the deepwater giant gas field in western South China Sea:A case study of Lingshui 17-2 Gas Field in Qiongdongnan Basin,South China[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2017,44(3):380-388.
黄合庭,黄保家,黄义文,等.南海西部深水区大气田凝析油成因与油气成藏机制——以琼东南盆地陵水17-2气田为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2017,44(3):380-388.
[5]Zhang Yingzhao,Xu Xinde,Gan Jun,et al.Study on the geological characteristics,accumulation model and exploration direction of the giant deepwater gas field in the Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2017,91(3):1620-1633.
张迎朝,徐新德,甘军,等.琼东南盆地深水大气田地质特征、成藏模式及勘探方向研究[J].地质学报,2017,91(3):1620-1633.
[6]Gan Jun,Zhang Yingzhao,Liang Gang,et al.On accumulation process and dynamic mechanism of natural gas in the deep water area of central canyon,Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2018,92(11):2359-2367.
甘军,张迎朝,梁刚,等.琼东南盆地深水区天然气成藏过程及动力机制研究[J].地质学报,2018,92(11):2359-2367.
[7]Zhang Yingzhao,Gan Jun,Yang Xibing,et al.Tectonic evolution and its constraints on the formation of deepwater giant gas field in Lingshui Sag,Qiong Dongnan Basin[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2017,33(10):22-30.
张迎朝,甘军,杨希冰,等.琼东南盆地陵水凹陷构造演化及其对深水大气田形成的控制作用[J].海洋地质前沿,2017,33(10):22-30.
[8]He Jiaxiong,Chen Weihuang,Li Mingxing.Genetic types of natural gas and source rocks in Yingqiong Basin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas (Geology),2000,14(6):398-405.
何家雄,陈伟煌,李明兴.莺—琼盆地天然气成因类型及气源剖析[J].中国海上油气(地质),2000,14(6):398-405.
[9]He Jiaxiong,Li Qiang,Chen Weihuang,et al.Oil/gas mechanism type and gas exploratory direction in Eastsouth Hainan Basin[J].Offshore Oil,2002,22(1):47-56.
何家雄,李强,陈伟煌,等.琼东南盆地油气成因类型及近期天然气勘探方向讨论[J].海洋石油,2002,22(1):47-56.
[10]He Jiaxiong,Cheng Shenghong,Yao Yongjian,et al.Main genetic types of oil & gas and characteristics of their accumulation and distribution in north marginal basins,South China sea[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(1):34-40.
何家雄,陈胜红,姚永坚,等.南海北部边缘盆地油气主要成因类型及运聚分布特征[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(1):34-40.
[11]Liu Zhenghua,Chen Honghan.Origin mechanism and source rock for natural gas in Qiongdongnan Basin,South China sea[J].Petroleum Geolgogy & Experiment,2011,33(6):639-644.
刘正华,陈红汉.琼东南盆地天然气成因类型及其烃源探讨[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(6):639-644.
[12]Xie Yuhong,Li Xushen,Tong Chuanxin,et al.HTHP Gas Accumulation Mechanism and Exploration Practice in Yinggehai [JP]Qiongdongnan Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2015:15-113.
谢玉洪,李绪深,童传新,等.莺—琼盆地高温超压天然气成藏理论与勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2015:15-113.
[13]Dai Jinxing.Coal-derived gas theory and its discrimination[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2018,63(14):1291-1305.
戴金星.煤成气及鉴别理论研究进展[J].科学通报,2018,63(14):1291-1305.
[14]Bernard B B,Brooks J M,Sackett W M.Light hydrocarbons in recent Texas continental shelf and slope sediments[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1978,83(3):4053-4061.
[15]Whiticar M J.A geochemical perspective of natural gas and atmospheric methane[J].Organic Geochemistry,1990,16(1-3):531-547.
[16]Whiticar M J.Carbon and hydrogen isotope systematics of bacterial formation and oxidation of methane[J].Chemical Geology,1999,161:291-314.
[17]Dai Jinxing.Discriminat of kinds of alkane gas[J].Science in China:Series B,1992,22(2):185-193.
戴金星.各类烷烃气的鉴别[J].中国科学:B辑,1992,22(2):185-193.
[18]Liu Wenhui,Xu Yongchang.Genetic indicators for natural gases[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,1996,14(1):110-116.
刘文汇,徐永昌.天然气成因类型及判识标志[J].沉积学报,1996,14(1):110-116.
[19]Li Jian,Luo Xia,Li Zhisheng,et al.New issue of carbon isotope composition of toluene to be as index of gas-rock correlation[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2003,14(3):177-180.
李剑,罗霞,李志生,等.对甲苯碳同位素值作为气源对比指标的新认识[J].天然气地球科学,2003,14(3):177-180.
[20]Dai Jinxing.Significance of the study on carbon isotopes of alkane gases[J].Natural Gas Industry,2011,31(12):1-6.
戴金星.天然气中烷烃气碳同位素研究的意义[J].天然气工业,2011,31(12):1-6.
[21]Burruss R C,Laughrey C D.Carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversals in deep basin gas:Evidence for limits to the stability of hydrocarbons[J].Organic Geochemistry,2010,41(12):1285-1296.
[22]Chung H M,Gormly J R,Squires R M.Origin of gaseous hydrocarbons in subsurface environments:Theoretical considerations of carbon isotope distribution[J].Chemical Geology,1988,77:97-103.
[23]Huang Difan,Xiong Chuanwu,Yang Junjie,et al.Gas source discrimination and natural gas genetic types of central gas field in Ordos Basin[J].Natural Gas Industry,1996,16(6):1-5.
黄第藩,熊传武,杨俊杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部气田气源判识和天然气成因类型[J].天然气工业,1996,16(6):1-5.
[24]Huang Difan,Xiong Chuanwu,Yang Junjie,et al.Source rock identification on central big gasfield of Ordos Basin[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1996,41(17):1588-1592.
黄第藩,熊传武,杨俊杰,等.鄂尔多斯盆地中部大气田的气源判识[J].科学通报,1996,41(17):1588-1592.
[25]Guo Xiaoxiao,Xiong Xiaofeng,Xu Xinde,et al.Type classification and origin analysis of natural gas in the Yinggehai Basin[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2017,24(5):54-58.
郭潇潇,熊小峰,徐新德,等.莺歌海盆地天然气类型划分与来源分析[J].特种油气藏,2017,24(5):54-58.
[26]Rooney M A,Claypool G E,Chung H M.Modeling thermogenic gas generation using carbon isotope ratios of natural gas hydrocarbons[J].Chemical Geology,1995,126(3):219-232.
[27]Xiong Xiaofeng,Xu Xinde,Gan Jun,et al.Differentiated gas distribution,migration and accumulation in the central diaper belt of the Yinggehai Basin[J].Marine Geology Frontiers,2017,33(7):24-31.
熊小峰,徐新德,甘军,等.莺歌海盆地中央底辟带天然气差异分布与运聚成藏特征[J].海洋地质前沿,2017,33(7):24-31.
[28]Huang Difan.Distribution characteristics of the carbon isotope in terrestrial organic matter[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,1993,7(4):1-5.
黄第藩.陆相烃源岩有机质的碳同位素分布[J].中国海上油气,1993,7(4):1-5.
[29]Wang Darui.Stable Isotopic Geochemistry of Oil and Gas[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2000:246-254.
王大锐.油气稳定同位素地球化学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:246-254.
[30]Liu Wenhui,Song Yan,Liu Quanyou,et al.Evolution of carbon isotopic composition in pyrolytic gases generated from coal and its main maccerals[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2003,21(1):183-190.
刘文汇,宋岩,刘全有,等.煤岩及其主显微组份热解气碳同位素组成的演化[J].沉积学报,2003,21(1):183-190.
[31]Chen Jianping,Deng Chunping,Wang Huitong,et al.Genetic potential and geochemical features of pyrolysis oils of macerals from Jurassic coal measures,northwest China[J].Geochimica,2006,35(1):1-5.
陈建平,邓春萍,王汇彤,等.中国西北侏罗纪煤系显微组分生烃潜力、产物地球化学特征及其意义[J].地球化学,2006,35(1):1-5.
[1] 赵正望, 唐大海, 王小娟, 陈双玲. 致密砂岩气藏天然气富集高产主控因素探讨——以四川盆地须家河组为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(7): 963-972.
[2] 赵长毅, 李永新, 王居峰, 刘海涛, 邓焱, 赵博雅. 渤海湾盆地天然气成因类型与勘探潜力分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(6): 783-789.
[3] 周国晓, 魏国齐, 胡国艺. 四川盆地龙岗与元坝气田陆相油气系统差异[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(6): 809-818.
[4] 吴小奇, 倪春华, 陈迎宾, 朱建辉, 李贶, 曾华盛. 鄂尔多斯盆地定北地区上古生界天然气来源[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(6): 819-827.
[5] 吴伟涛, 王一, 赵靖舟, 杨特波, 李军, 黄正良. 鄂尔多斯盆地中部奥陶系马家沟组中组合天然气成藏规律[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(6): 828-839.
[6] 魏强, 李贤庆, 孙可欣, 李瑾, 肖中尧, 梁万乐, 张亚超, . 塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深大气田深层天然气成藏地球化学特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(6): 897-907.
[7] 佘源琦, 高阳, 杨桂茹, 李剑, 李君, 李明鹏. 新时期我国天然气勘探形势及战略思考[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(5): 751-760.
[8] 范东稳, 卢振权, 刘晖, 肖睿, 王伟超, 李永红, 唐世琪. 南祁连盆地哈拉湖坳陷天然气水合物科学钻孔岩心顶空气组成及其地质意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(4): 526-538.
[9] 刘杰, 杨睿, 邬黛黛, 金光荣. 基于生烃思路的微生物成因水合物资源量估算——以琼东南盆地西南深水区为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(4): 539-548.
[10] 孔庆芬 , 张文正, 李剑锋, 昝川莉, . 鄂尔多斯盆地奥陶系盐下天然气地球化学特征及成因[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(3): 423-432.
[11] 张帆, 冉清昌, 吴玉明, 任志高. 松辽盆地北部古中央隆起带天然气地球化学特征及成藏条件[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(1): 126-132.
[12] 陈斐然,张义杰,朱光有,张宝收,卢玉红,张志遥. 塔里木盆地台盆区深层天然气地球化学特征及成藏演化[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 880-891.
[13] 邓焱,胡国艺,赵长毅. 四川盆地龙岗气田长兴组—飞仙关组天然气地球化学特征及成因[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 892-907.
[14] 苏佳纯,张金川,朱伟林. 非常规天然气经济评价对策思考[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(5): 743-753.
[15] 杨丽杰,侯读杰,陈晓东,刁慧. 东海盆地西湖凹陷中部古近系地层水化学特征及地质意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(4): 559-571,596.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited

  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] 郑建京;吉利明;孟仟祥;. 准噶尔盆地天然气地球化学特征及聚气条件的讨论[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2000, 11(4-5): 17 -21 .
[2] 王先彬;妥进才;周世新;李振西;张铭杰;闫宏;. 论天然气形成机制与相关地球科学问题[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(1): 7 -13 .
[3] 倪金龙;夏斌;. 济阳坳陷坡折带组合类型及石油地质意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(1): 64 -68 .
[4] 唐友军,文志刚,窦立荣,徐佑德. 一种估算原油成熟度的新方法[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(2): 160 -162 .
[5] Cramer B;Faber E;Gerling P;Krooss B M;刘全有(译). 天然气稳定碳同位素反应动力学研究――关于干燥、开放热解实验中的思考[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2002, 13(5-6): 8 -18 .
[6] 郭精义,杨占龙,黄刚,杨立国. 潜江凹陷新农地区沉积微相特征与岩性油气藏[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(2): 249 -255 .
[7] 付广;孟庆芬;. 断层封闭性影响因素的理论分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2002, 13(3-4): 40 -44 .
[8] 杨蕾;同登科;. 变形介质煤层气双渗流动压力分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(3): 429 -433 .
[9] 郭克园;蔡国刚;罗海炳;王智勇;常津焕;. 辽河盆地欧利坨子地区火山岩储层特征及成藏条件[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2002, 13(3-4): 60 -66 .
[10] 杨宪彰;彭更新;雷刚林;马玉杰;黄少英;. 库车山地高陡复杂构造圈闭研究思路与方法[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2006, 17(4): 538 -542 .