徐加祥1,2,丁云宏1,杨立峰1,2,刘哲1,2,陈挺3
Xu Jia-xiang1,2,Ding Yun-hong1,Yang Li-feng1,2,Liu Zhe1,2,Chen Ting3
摘要: 在复杂的地质条件下,页岩气储层中的天然裂缝往往呈现迂曲状几何形态,为了研究迂曲微裂缝在水力压裂过程中的起裂位置,根据描述真实裂缝几何形态的相关参数,利用自主开发的MATLAB程序,实现了对不同长度、孔隙度、迂曲度和方位角的裂缝的二维重构,借助COMSOL Multiphisics中“自由和多孔介质流动模块”以及“多孔弹性模块”建立了裂缝—基质耦合渗流模型及岩石基质应力—应变模型,对不同迂曲度、方位角以及带天然裂缝的迂曲裂缝周围应力及起裂位置进行分析。结果表明,压裂液流速在迂曲微裂缝中呈现波动下降,其压力平缓下降且压力梯度沿裂缝长度方向逐渐减小;迂曲微裂缝会在裂缝曲率较大的位置出现多个起裂点,且起裂位置数量和区域大小随裂缝迂曲度的增大而增加,而裂缝方位角的变化对起裂位置影响较小;在主裂缝中流体压力作用下,未胶结的天然裂缝两端出现破裂,更有利于页岩气储层中复杂缝网的形成。
中图分类号:
[1]Dong Dazhong,Zou Caineng,Dai Jinxing,et al.Suggestions on the development strategy of shale gas in China[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2016,27(3):397-406. 董大忠,邹才能,戴金星,等.中国页岩气发展战略对策建议[J].天然气地球科学,2016,27(3):397-406. [2]Economides M J,Martin T.Modern Fracturing-Enhancing Natural Gas Production[M].Houston,TX:Energy Tribune Publishing Inc.,2007:3-5. [3]Zheng Junwei,Sun Deqiang,Li Xiaoyan,et al.Advance in exploration and exploitation technologies of shale gas[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(3):511-516. 郑军卫,孙德强,李小燕,等.页岩气勘探开发技术进展[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):511-516. [4]Warpinski N R,Mayerhofer M J,Vincent M C,et al.Stimulating unconventional reservoirs:Maximizing network growth while optimizing fracture conductivity[C]∥SPE Unconventional Reservoir Conference,Colorado:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2008:1-19. [5]Weng Dingwei,Lei Qun,Xu Yun,et al.Network fracturing techniques and its application in the field[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2011,32(2):280-284. 翁定为,雷群,胥云,等.缝网压裂技术及其现场应用[J].石油学报,2011,32(2):280-284. [6]Feng Yanjun,Kang Hongpu.Hydraulic fracturing initiation and propagation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,3(S2):3169-3179. 冯彦军,康红普.水力压裂起裂与扩展分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,3(增刊2):3169-3179. [7]Li Zhaomin,Cai Wenbin,Zhang Qi,et al.Study on the initiation and propagation laws of the fractures in horizontal well fracturing[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2008,23(5):46-48,52. 李兆敏,蔡文斌,张琪,等.水平井压裂裂缝起裂及裂缝延伸规律研究[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2008,23(5):46-48,52. [8]Guo Tiankui,Zhang Shicheng,Liu Weilai,et al.Initiation pressure of multi-stage fracking for perforated horizontal wells of shale gas reservoirs[J].Natural Gas Industry,2013,33(12):87-93. 郭天魁,张士诚,刘卫来,等.页岩储层射孔水平井分段压裂的起裂压力[J].天然气工业,2013,33(12):87-93. [9]Hossian M M,Rahman M K,Rahman S S.A comprehensive monograph for hydraulic fracture initiation from deviated wellbore under arbitrary stress regimes[C]∥SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition,Jakarta:Society of Petroleum Engineers,1999:1-11. [10]Hossian M M,Rahman M K,Rahman S S.Hydraulic fracture initiation and propagation:Roles of wellbore trajectory,perforation and stress regimes[J].Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering,2000,27(3/4):129-149. [11]Wang Lei,Yang Chunhe,Guo Yintong,et al.Investigation on fracture initiation modes of horizontal wells based on laboratory hydraulic fracturing test[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2015,34(supplement 2):3624-3632. 王磊,杨春和,郭印同,等.基于室内水力压裂试验的水平井起裂模式研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2015,34(增刊2):3624-3632. [12]Guo Yintong,Yang Chunhe,Jia Changgui,et al.Research on hydraulic fracturing physical simulation of shale and fracture characterization method[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(1):52-59. 郭印同,杨春和,贾长贵,等.页岩水力压裂物理模拟与裂缝表征方法研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(1):52-59. [13]Jiang Hu,Liu Shujie,He Baosheng,et al.Experiments of the oriented perforating impact on the multi-fracture pattern of hydraulic fracturing treatment[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(2):66-70. 姜浒,刘书杰,何保生,等.定向射孔对水力压裂多裂缝形态的影响实验[J].天然气工业,2014,34(2):66-70. [14]Qu Guanzheng,Qu Zhanqing,Hazlett R D,et al.Geometrical description and permeability calculation about shale tensile micro-fractures[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2016,43(1):115-152. 曲冠政,曲占庆,Hazlett R D,等.页岩拉张型微裂缝几何特征描述及渗透率计算[J].石油勘探与开发,2016,43(1):115-152. [15]Long Pengyu,Zhang Jinchuan,Tang Xuan,et al.Feature of muddy shale fissure and its effect for shale gas exploration and development[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(3):525-532. 龙鹏宇,张金川,唐玄,等.泥页岩裂缝发育特征及其对页岩气勘探和开发的影响[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(3):525-532. [16]Song Dangyu,He Kaikai,Ji Xiaofeng,et al.Fine characterization of pore and fractures in coal based on a CT scan[J].Natural Gas Industry,2018,38(3):41-49. 宋党育,何凯凯,吉小峰,等.基于CT扫描的煤中孔裂隙精细描述[J].天然气工业,2018,38(3):41-49. [17]Bars M L,Worster M G.Interfacial conditions between a pure uid and a porous medium:Implications for binary alloy solidification[J].Journal of Fluid Mechanics,2006,550:149-173. [18]Wang H F.Theory of Linear Poroelasticity With Application to Geomechanics and Hydrogeology[M].USA:Princeton University Press,2000:56-62. [19]Qu Zhanqing,Li Xiaolong,Li Jianxiong,et al.Crack morphology of multiple radial well fracturing based on extended finite element method[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition of Natural Science,2018,42(1):73-81. 曲占庆,李小龙,李建雄,等.基于扩展有限元法的多径向井压裂裂缝形态[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2018,42(1):73-81. [20]Cheng Yuanfang,Chang Xin,Sun Yuanwei,et al.Research on fracture network propagation pattern of shale reservoir based on fracture mechanics[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2014,25(4):603-611. 程远方,常鑫,孙元伟,等.基于断裂力学的页岩储层缝网延伸形态研究[J].天然气地球科学,2014,25(4):603-611. [21]Zhang Liang,Yao Leihua,Wang Yingdong.3D geological modeling method based on COMSOL Multiphysics[J].Coal Geology & Exploration,2014,42(6):14-19. 张亮,姚磊华,王迎东.基于COMSOL Multiphysics的三维地质建模方法[J].煤田地质与勘探,2014,42(6):14-19. [22]Wang Rui,Shen Zhenzhong,Chen Xiaobing.Full coupled analysis of seepage-stress fields for high arch dam based on COMSOL Multiphysics[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2013,32(supplement 2):3197-3204. 王瑞,沈振中,陈孝兵.基于COMSOL Multiphysics的高拱坝渗流—应力全耦合分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2013,32(增刊2):3197-3204. [23]Fei Kang,Liu Hanlong,Kong Gangqiang.Implementation of a thermo-bounding surface model in COMSOL[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2017,38(6):1819-1826. 费康,刘汉龙,孔纲强.热力耦合边界面模型在COMSOL中的开发应用[J].岩石力学,2017,38(6):1819-1826. [24]Wei Bo,Chen Junbin,Xie Qing,et al.Simulation of hydraulic fracturing crack propagating of horizontal shale well based on extended finite element method[J].Journal of Xi’an Shiyou University:Natural Science Edition,2016,31(2):70-81. 魏波,陈军斌,谢青,等.基于扩展有限元的页岩水平井压裂裂缝扩展模拟[J].西安石油大学学报:自然科学版,2016,31(2):70-81. [25]Abass H H,Van Domelen M L,EI Rabaa W M.Experimental observations of hydraulic fracture propagation through coal blocks[C]∥SPE Eastern Regianal Meeting,Ohio,USA:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2015:239-252. [26]Takashi A,Shunsuke Y,Isao K,et al.Consideration on shape of hydraulic fracture based on laboratory experiment[C]∥Abu Dhabi International Petroleum Exhibition and Conference,Abu Dhabi:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2015:1-8. [27]Hisanao O,Shivam A,John T F,et al.Effect of small scale heterogeneity on the growth of hydraulic fractures[C]∥SPE Hydraulic Fracturing Technology Confernece and Exhibition,Texas:Society of Petroleum Engineers,2017:1-22. |
[1] | 曾凡辉, 彭凡, 郭建春, 钟华, 向建华. 考虑页岩缝宽动态变化的微裂缝气体质量传输模型[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(2): 237-246. |
[2] | 张磊, 徐兵祥, 辛翠平, 乔向阳, 穆景福, 许阳, 韩长春. 考虑主裂缝的页岩气产能预测模型[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(2): 247-256. |
[3] | 谢维扬, 刘旭宁, 吴建发, , 张鉴, 吴天鹏, 陈满. 页岩气水平井组产量递减特征及动态监测[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(2): 257-265. |
[4] | 郭旭升. 四川盆地涪陵平桥页岩气田五峰组—龙马溪组页岩气富集主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(1): 1-10. |
[5] | 姜瑞忠, 原建伟, 崔永正, 张伟, 张福蕾, 张海涛, 毛埝宇. 基于TPHM的页岩气藏多级压裂水平井产能分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(1): 95-101. |
[6] | 周尚文, 王红岩, 刘浩, 郭伟, 陈浩. 基于Arps产量递减模型的页岩损失气量计算方法[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(1): 102-110. |
[7] | 许崇祯, 张公社, 殷嘉伟, 纪国法, 李新发. 考虑解吸—吸附的页岩气藏压裂水平井综合渗流模型[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2019, 30(1): 111-118. |
[8] | 赵文韬,荆铁亚,吴斌,周游,熊鑫. 断裂对页岩气保存条件的影响机制——以渝东南地区五峰组—龙马溪组为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1333-1344. |
[9] | 夏鹏,王甘露,曾凡桂,牟雨亮,张昊天,刘杰刚. 黔北地区牛蹄塘组高—过成熟页岩气富氮特征及机理探讨[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(9): 1345-1355. |
[10] | 康毅力,豆联栋,游利军,陈强,程秋洋. 富有机质页岩增产改造氧化液浸泡离子溶出行为[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 990-996. |
[11] | 曾凡辉,王小魏,郭建春,郑继刚,李亚州,向建华. 基于连续拟稳定法的页岩气体积压裂水平井产量计算[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(7): 1051-1059. |
[12] | 朱维耀, 马东旭. 页岩储层有效应力特征及其对产能的影响[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 845-852. |
[13] | 余川,曾春林,周洵,聂海宽,余忠樯. 大巴山冲断带下寒武统页岩气构造保存单元划分及分区评价[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 853-865. |
[14] | 邱 振,邹才能,李熙喆,王红岩,董大忠,卢斌,周尚文,施振生,冯子齐,张梦琪. 论笔石对页岩气源储的贡献——以华南地区五峰组—龙马溪组笔石页岩为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(5): 606-615. |
[15] | 汪道兵,葛洪魁,宇波,文东升,周珺,韩东旭,刘露. 页岩弹性模量非均质性对地应力及其损伤的影响[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(5): 632-643. |
|