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天然气地球科学

• 天然气地球化学 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地开特米里克油田凝析油成因研究——基于金刚烷烃类化合物

包建平，汪立群，朱翠山，陈琰，蒋兴超，袁莉，周飞   

  1. (1.长江大学油气资源与勘探技术教育部重点实验室,湖北 荆州 434023；2.中国石油青海油田分公司勘探开发研究院，甘肃 敦煌 736202)
  • 收稿日期:2015-06-10 修回日期:2015-08-04 出版日期:2016-02-10 发布日期:2016-02-10
  • 作者简介:包建平(1962)，男，江苏张家港人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事油气地球化学研究与教学工作. Email:bjp405@163.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金“未熟—低熟油中金刚烷类化合物成因及其潜在意义研究”项目(编号:41272169)资助.

Origin of the condensates from Kaitemilike Oilfield in the western Qaidam Basin:Diamondoid hydrocarbons

Bao Jianping，Wang Liqun，Zhu Cuishan，Chen Yan，Jiang Xingchao，Yuan Li，Zhou Fei   

  1. （1.Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Resource and Exploration Technology,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434023,China;
    2.Exploration & Development Institute,Qinghai Oilfield,CNPC,Dunhuang 736202,China）
  • Received:2015-06-10 Revised:2015-08-04 Online:2016-02-10 Published:2016-02-10

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摘要：

以往的研究结果表明开特米里克油田的凝析油属于典型的未成熟油，依据是它们具有异常低的C29甾烷异构体比值[C2920S/(20S+20R)<0.25]。但是，生物标志化合物的定量分析结果则显示这类凝析油中甾烷、藿烷系列的浓度明显偏低，且与研究区的高成熟原油相当，而远低于其他低成熟原油中的甾烷、藿烷系列浓度，显然这与其未成熟特性不符。金刚烷类化合物具有高的热稳定性，它们在成熟后期和高成熟地质样品中才开始出现。但值得注意的是这些凝析油较其他原油明显富含烷基金刚烷类化合物，其浓度是所研究原油中最高的，显示高成熟特征。依据甲基单金刚烷指数MAI(>70)值和甲基双金刚烷指数MDI(>40)值与镜质体反射率RO值之间的对应关系，判断其生成时的RO值应大于1.3%，表明它们应该形成于高成熟的凝析油气阶段。此外，在C29规则甾烷与3+4甲基双金刚烷浓度关系图版上，这类凝析油均分布在原油强烈热裂解区域，可见这是一类遭受了热裂解作用改造的高成熟原油。由此可见，该类凝析油的未成熟性是由生物标志化合物相对组成引起的一种假象，运移过程中上覆围岩中富含甾烷、萜烷的可溶沥青的浸染是导致这一假象的原因，这已得到了研究区新近系烃源岩地球化学特征的证实。因此，热稳定性高的金刚烷类化合物在确定原油成因时可提供更加可靠的信息，它可以弥补其他分子成熟度参数的不足。

关键词: 金刚烷类化合物, 生物标志化合物, 成熟度, 凝析油, 开特米里克油田, 柴达木盆地

Abstract:

Previous researches showed that the condensates from the Kaitemilike Oilfield in the western Qaidam Basin were immature oils based on the ratios of C29 sterane isomers (20S/(20S+20R) and ββ/(αα+ββ)<0.25).However,the new analytical results show that the concentrations of steranes and hopanes in these oils are about 0.5μg/mg and 3.5μg/mg,respectively,much less than 5.0μg/mg and 15μg/mg in lowermature oils,but very similar to that in highmature oil from the well Nan 10 in Nanyushan Oilfield.This feature is completely not consistent with their immaturity.Diamondoid hydrocarbons are a kind of thermally stable compounds and mainly identified in mature and highmature geological samples.The results show that the condensates from Kaitemilike Oilfield are rich in diamondoid hydrocarbons including alky l admantanes and diamantanes,and their concentrations are highest in all studied oil samples from different oilfields,indicating of the high maturity.Based on the relationship between methy l adamantane index MAI (>70),methyl diamantane index MDI (>40) and vitrinite reflectance RO,the vitrinite reflectance RO value could be more than 1.3%,corresponding to condensate generation stage,when those condensates were generated from their source rocks.In addition,the condensate samples from Kaitemilike oilfield are distributed in zone of intensive oil cracking in the plot between the concentrations of C29 regular steranes and 3+4methy l diamantane,indicating that they are a kind of crude oils to have been cracked to some extent.Therefore,the immaturity for those condensates from C29 20S/(20S+20R) ratio is not true,and mainly results from soluable bitumen rich in steranes and triterpanes in immature source rocks during migration.It is consistent with the geochemical characteristics of Neogene source rocks in the study area.In this case,diamondoid hydrocarbons with higher thermal stability have a specific significance in determining the maturity and origin of crude oils compared with steranes and triterpanes.In addition,the new recognition for the maturity of those condensates plays a positive role in further petroleum exploration in this study area.

Key words: Diamondoid hydrocarbons, Biomarkers, Maturity, Condensates, Kaitemilike Oilfield, Qaidam Basin

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1

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