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天然气地球科学

• 天然气勘探 • 上一篇    下一篇

地层切片的合理性及影响因素

刘化清,倪长宽,陈启林,苏明军   

  1. 中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院，甘肃 兰州 730020
  • 收稿日期:2014-04-08 修回日期:2014-06-25 出版日期:2014-11-10 发布日期:2014-11-10
  • 作者简介:刘化清(1969-)，男，甘肃靖远人，高级工程师，博士，主要从事地震沉积学及石油地质综合研究. E-mail:liu_hq@petrochina.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    国家重大科技专项“岩性地层油气藏成藏规律、关键技术及目标评价”(编号:2011ZX05001)|中国石油“地震沉积学软件系统研制及应用”课题(编号:2012B-3709)|
    玉门油田重上百万吨勘探开发关键技术研究项目(编号:2013E-3302)联合资助.

Rationality and Influencing Factors of Strata Slicing

LIU Hua-qing,NI Chang-kuan,CHEN Qi-lin,SU Ming-jun   

  1. (Northwest Branch,Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Lanzhou 730020,China)
  • Received:2014-04-08 Revised:2014-06-25 Online:2014-11-10 Published:2014-11-10

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417

摘要： 针对利用地层切片研究沉积是否合理的问题，开展了正演模拟实验研究，发现在地层厚度不大(特别是小于1/4地震子波长度)的砂泥岩薄互层条件下，地层切片较沿层切片更加贴近沉积等时面，能够更加清晰地反映单砂体的平面分布轮廓及沉积纵向演化。影响地层切片地质效果的因素包括标志层选取是否等时、地层内部结构是否相对简单、沉积体规模是否小于地层切片范围、纵向上多层储集体叠置模式、复杂沉积环境及后生成岩作用、单位厚度地层内岩性组合的复杂程度、特殊地质体对下伏目的层地震反射的影响以及原始地震资料品质等。

关键词: 地震沉积学, 地层切片, 地震反射同向轴, 合理性, 影响因素

Abstract: In order to investigate the controversy about the rationality in employing the stratal slicing to study the sedimentary rocks and sedimentary evolution,the forward modeling experiments were carried out in this paper.The result suggests that the stratal slicing is closer to the sedimentary isochronous surfaces than horizontal slices under the condition of interbedded thin layers (especially thinner than half of a wavelet).Also,the stratal slicing is more applicable to clearly delineate the distribution and the shape of a single sand unit.Further more,the historical evolution of sedimentary rocks and sedimentary facies can be exhibited in a better way when using the stratal slicing.The main factors that affect the quality of stratal slicing imaging are as follows.(1)whether the controlling horizons are of geologically isochronous meaning|(2)whether the internal sedimentary structure of the formation is relatively simple|(3)whether the scale of sedimentary body is smaller than that of the stratal slice|(4)superimposed model of longitudinal multilayer sands|(5)complicated sedimentary environments|(6)epigenetic diagenesis|(7)complexity of the lithology combination|and (8)the quality of the seismic data.

Key words: Seismic sedimentology, Strata slicing, Seismic reflections, Rationality, Influencing factors

中图分类号: 

  • TE132.1+4
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