天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

珠江口盆地晚渐新世—早中新世古地震记录及油气地质意义

杨波,张昌民,李少华,杜家元,张忠涛,朱锐,余烨,袁瑞   

  1. 1.长江大学“油气资源与勘探技术”教育部重点实验室,湖北 武汉  430100;
    2.长江大学地球科学学院,湖北 武汉  430100;
    3.中海石油(中国)有限公司深圳分公司研究院,广东 广州  510240
  • 收稿日期:2013-11-20 修回日期:2014-02-17 出版日期:2014-06-10 发布日期:2014-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 杨波petroyb@163.com E-mail:petroyb@163.com
  • 作者简介:杨波(1983-),男,湖北荆州人,博士后,主要从事油气储层地质地球物理综合研究. E-mail:petroyb@163.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家重大科技专项(编号:2011ZX05023-002);国家自然科学基金(编号:41302096)联合资助.

Late Oligocene to Early Miocene Paleoseismic Records in Pearl River Mouth Basinand Its Hydrocarbon Geological Significance

YANG Bo,ZHANG Chang-min,LI Shao-hua,DU Jia-yuan,ZHANG Zhong-tao,ZHU Rui,YU Ye,YUAN Rui   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources (Yangtze University),Ministry  of Education,Wuhan 430100,China;2.School of Geosciences,Yangtze University,Wuhan 430100,China;3.Research Institute of Shenzhen Branch,China National Offshore Oil Corporation,Guangzhou 510240,China
  • Received:2013-11-20 Revised:2014-02-17 Online:2014-06-10 Published:2014-06-10

摘要:

珠江口盆地在晚渐新世—早中新世先后经历了2次大的构造运动,多期构造活动诱发的地震导致盆地内发育多种与地震活动有关的震积岩原地系统的软沉积物变形构造,这些构造赋存于海侵沉积序列内,垂向上具有一定的叠置关系,反映了地震作用的不同阶段对原始沉积序列的改造,其垂向震积序列自下而上可分为7段:A段为具有原生层理的滨岸砂岩,作为震积序列中的底部层段沉积于地震发生前的宁静期;B段为未固结砂质碎屑在后期强烈地震活动中发生液化形成的蛇曲状液化砂岩脉;C段为发生一系列液化卷曲变形的砂泥岩互层;D段为在地震活动衰减期快速堆积的沉积物因差异沉降形成的阶梯状微断层;E段为泥岩内的薄砂层在地震活动趋于停止时期发生拉伸或挤压变形形成以断续砂质条带为特征的缩胀构造;F段为在地震活动末期形成的由重力驱动的负载构造;G段为发育于地震活动停止期具显微细水平层理的浅海陆棚相泥质岩层。研究表明,地震活动有利于岩性地层圈闭的形成,地震作用形成的裂缝及液化砂岩脉能极大地提高储层的储集性能,对油气的运移也有积极影响,但同时地震活动对盖层的封堵性会造成一定的破坏。加强对古地震记录的研究必将给珠江口盆地的油气勘探提供新思路。
 

关键词: 珠江口盆地, 晚渐新世&mdash, 早中新世, 震积岩, 油气地质意义

Abstract:

Pearl River Mouth basin undergoes two large tectonic movements from Late Oligocene to Early Miocene.The earthquakes induced by multiphase tectonic activity generate serious seismic-related soft-sediment deformation structures of seismite autochthonous system.The vertical superposition relationship of these structures within transgressive sediment sequence indicates the reworking on original sedimentary sequence during the different earthquake intensity stages.The vertical seismites succession includes 7 sections from bottom to top: Section A is coastal sandstone with primary stratification,as basal interval of seismites succession deposit during pediocratic before the earthquake happened;Section B is meandering liquefaction dyke,when unconsolidated sandish debris are liquefied during the period of strong earthquake activities;Section C is a series of sand shale interbedded with liquefied fold deformed lamination;Section D is step micro-fault,as a result of differential settlement of the rapid accumulation of sediments in the depletion period of earthquake;Section E is pinch and swell structure which is characterized by discontinuous sandish belt,because of thin sand in mudstone stretch or compress when earthquakes tend to stop;Section F is load structure driven by gravity at the end of earthquakes;Section G is continental shelf mudstone with microscopic horizontal bedding developed at the stagnant period of earthquakes.Seismic events can be favorable for forming lithostratigraphic traps.The properties of reservoirs can be greatly improved by fissures and liquefaction sandstone dyke caused by seismic actions.And seismism has a positive influence on hydrocarbon migration.But seismic activities can destroy the sealing ability of cap rocks in some degree.To strengthen the research on paleoseismic records will provide a new perspective for hydrocarbon exploration in Pearl River Mouth basin.

Key words: Pearl River Mouth Basin, Late Oligocene to Early Miocene, Seismite, Hydrocarbon geologic significance

中图分类号: 

  • TE122
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