天然气地球科学
高级检索
作者投稿 专家审稿 编辑办公

天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

西非加蓬海岸盆地盐构造及其对成藏组合的控制

陈安清，胡思涵，楼章华，李梅，金爱民，朱蓉，张建球   

  1. 1.成都理工大学沉积地质研究院，四川 成都 610059；
    2.浙江大学海洋学院，浙江 杭州 310058; 3.中国石化华东分公司石油勘探开发研究院,江苏 南京 210011
  • 收稿日期:2013-03-30 修回日期:2013-05-07 出版日期:2014-02-10 发布日期:2014-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈安清aqinth@163.com. E-mail:aqinth@163.com.
  • 作者简介:陈安清(1981-)，男，江西泰和人，讲师，主要从事沉积学和含油气盆地分析研究.E-mail:aqinth@163.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家专项“全球油气资源地质综合评价与区域优选”(编号:GT-YQ-QQ-2008-4-13);教育部博士点基金(编号:20135122120005)联合资助.

Salt Tectonics and Its Control on Play of Gabon Coastal Basin,West Africa

CHEN An-qing，HU Si-han，LOU Zhang-hua，LI Mei，JIN Ai-min，ZHU Rong，ZHANG Jian-qiu   

  1. 1.Institute of Sedimentary Geology,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;
    2.Department of Ocean Science and Engineering,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;
    3.Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,East China Branch Company,SINOPEC,Nanjing 210011,China
  • Received:2013-03-30 Revised:2013-05-07 Online:2014-02-10 Published:2014-02-10

PDF (PC)

438

摘要：

西非被动大陆边缘盆地群是近年来全球油气资源的快速增长区。为揭示加蓬海岸盆地的油气富集规律，对盆地的构造特征、盐层序、成藏组合和油气成藏模式进行了研究，结果表明:裂谷期、过渡期和漂移期3个演化阶段中发育的2组近于垂直的NW—SE向和NE—SW向断裂体系形成了东西分带、南北分块的盆地构造格局。盐层序是该盆地油气富集的关键因素，其流动变形形成的盐构造圈闭有利盐上油气聚集成藏；由于不发育盐滑成因的盐窗，盐层序依然保持着连片性，给盐下油气提供了良好的封盖条件。不同时期盐构造演化差异明显，康尼亚克期—始新世早期是盐构造发育的主要时期，对应于第Ⅲ枢纽带活跃期，形成了大量伸展成因的盐构造，盐底辟速率约等于沉积速率，控制了沉积相分布并形成了大量构造或构造—地层圈闭；始新世晚期—渐新世早期，构造反转使局部地区发育挤压成因的无根盐株；后渐新世，盐底辟速率小，对沉积作用影响微弱，有利圈闭发育有限。综合分析表明，盐下有利成藏组合主要发育在第I枢纽带断陷周围的断块和断背斜等圈闭中，盐上有利成藏组合主要分布于第Ⅲ枢纽带西侧浊积扇相区与盐构造圈闭的叠加区。

关键词: 油气成藏, 成藏组合, 盐构造, 被动大陆边缘盆地, 加蓬, 西非

Abstract:

In recent years,West African passive continental margin basins become the rapid growth area of global oil and gas resources.To reveal the hydrocarbon accumulation regularity of Gabon coastal basin,the basin's structural characteristics,salt sequence,play and hydrocarbon accumulation model were researched.The results show that: two near-vertical fault systems,north west-south east fault system and north east-south west fault system,which was formed in the period of rift,transitional and passive continental margin stages,make the basin have the tectonic framework of east-west zoning and north-south blocking.Salt sequence is the key factor to hydrocarbon enrichment.Salt structural traps formed by its flow deformation are favorable to hydrocarbon accumulation of the post-salt sequence,and salt rock remains a contiguous sequence because of no sliding window of salt,which provide a good seal to pre-salt sequence.Salt tectonic evolution is different during different periods.Coniacian-early Eocene is the main formation period of salt structures,which corresponds to the active period of hinge belt Ⅲ.Lots of extensional genetic salt structures were formed,and salt diapirism rate approximately equal deposition rate,which controlled facies distribution and favorable traps.During Late Eocene-Early Oligocene,rootless salt plug of extrusion genesis was developed by tectonic inversion in some areas.In post Oligocene,salt diapirism rate was slow,which influenced sedimentation weakly,and favorable traps were few.Comprehensive analysis shows that favorable play of pre-salt sequence developed in fault-block and faulted anticline of hinge belt Ⅰ,and favorable play of post-salt sequence distributed in the superimposed area of turbidite fan and salt structural traps on the west side of hinge belt Ⅲ.

Key words: Hydrocarbons accumulation, Play, Salt tectonics, Passive margin basin, Gabon, West Africa

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.2

［1］Tong Xiaoguang.Atlas of World Petroleum Exploration and Production(Africa)［M］.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004.［童晓光.世界石油勘探开发图集(非洲地区分册)［M］.北京:石油工业出版社,2004.］

［2］Guan Zengmiao,Li Jian.Hydrocarbon Resources and Exploration in Africa［M］.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2005:7-17.［关增淼,李剑.非洲油气资源与勘探［M］.北京:石油工业出版社,2005:7-17.］

［3］Gu Zhidong,Wang Zecheng,Hu Suyun,et al.Tectonic settings of global marine carbonate giant fields and exploration significance［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(1):106-118.［谷志东,汪泽成,胡素云,等.全球海相碳酸盐岩巨型油气田发育的构造环境及勘探启示［J］.天然气地球科学,2012,23(1):106-118.］

［4］Bai Guoping,Zheng Lei.Distribution patterns of giant gas fields in the world［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(2):161-167.［白国平,郑磊.世界大气田分布特征［J］.天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):161-167.］

［5］Xiong Liping,Wang Jun,Yin Jinyin,et al.Tectonic evolution and its control on hydrocarbon accumulation in west Africa［J］.Oil & Gas Geology,2005,26(5):641-646.［熊利平,王骏,殷进垠,等.西非构造演化及其对油气成藏的控制作用［J］.石油与天然气地质,2005,26(5):641-646.］

［6］Brink A H.Petroleum geology of Gabon Basin［J］.AAPG Bulletin,1974,58(2):216-235.

［7］Liu Yanli,Qiu Chunguang,Xiong Liping.Study of the sedimentary characteristics and hydrocarbon accumulation rules for the Gabon Basin,west Africa［J］.Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2008,30(4):352-362.［刘延莉,邱春光,熊利平.西非加蓬盆地沉积特征及油气成藏规律研究［J］.石油实验地质,2008,30(4):352-362.］

［8］Jia Chengzao,Zhao Wenzhi,Wei Guoqi.Salt structures and exploration of oil and gas［J］.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2003,30(2):17-19.［贾承造,赵文智,魏国齐.盐构造与油气勘探［J］.石油勘探与开发,2003,30(2):17-19.\]

［9］Tang Liangjie,Yu Yixin,Chen Shuping,et al.Major developments of research on salt tectonics in oil-gas-bearing basins［J］.Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(4):375-383.［汤良杰,余一欣,陈书平,等.含油气盆地盐构造研究进展［J］.地学前缘,2005,12(4):375-383.］

［10］Jia Yirong,Wang Tianqi,Dou Yutan,et al.Seismic identification of limestone reservoir in block C of Pelagian Basin［J］.Natural Gas Geoscience,2013,24(1):150-155.［贾义蓉,王天奇,窦玉坛,等.Pelagian盆地C区块灰岩储层的地震识别［J］.天然气地球科学,2013,24(1):150-155.］

［11］Hudec M R,Jackson M P A.Terra infirma:Understanding salt tectonics[J].Earth Science Reviews,2007,82(1/2):1-28.

［12］Nalpas T,Brun J.Salt flow and diapirism related to extension at crustal scale［J］.Tectonophysics,1993,228(3/4):349-362.

［13］Fort X,Brun J P,Chauvel F,et al.Salt tectonics on the Angolan margin,syn-sedimentary deformation processes［J］.AAPG:Bulletin,2004,88(11):1423-1544.

［14］Jackson M P A,Talbot C J.A Glossary of Salt Tectonic［R］.Austin:University of Texas,Bureau of Economic Geology,1991.

［15］Jackson M P A,Cramez C,Fonck J M.Role of subaerial volcanic rocks and mantle plumes in creation of south Atlantic margins:Implications for salt tectonics and source rocks［J］.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2000,17:477-498.

［16］Ding Ruxin,Chen Wenxue,Xiong Liping,et al.Main factors controlling hydrocarbon accumulation and exploration orientation in Lower Congo Basin［J］.Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2009,16(5):32-35.［丁汝鑫,陈文学,熊利平,等.下刚果盆地油气成藏主控因素及勘探方向［J］.特种油气藏,2009,16(5):32-35.］

［17］Liu Zuodong,Li Jianghai.Control of salt structures on hydrocarbons in the passive continental margin of west Africa［J］.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2011,38(2):196-202.［刘祚冬,李江海.西非被动大陆边缘盆地盐构造对油气的控制作用［J］.石油勘探与开发,2011,38(2):196-202.］

［18］Liro I M,Coen  R.Salt Deforrnation History and postsalt structural trends,offshore southern gabon,west Afriea［M］//Jackson M P A,Roberts D G,Snelson S.Salt Tectonics:A Global Prospective.Tulsa,OK:AAPG 1995:323-331.

［19］Liu Shenyan,Hu Xiaolin,Chang Mai.Characteristics of Salt of Gabon Coastal Basin in west Africa:Implications for petroleum exploration［J］.Offshore Oil,2011,31(3):1-10.［刘深艳,胡孝林,常迈.西非加蓬海岸盆地盐岩特征及其石油地质意义［J］.海洋石油,2011,31(3):1-10.］

［20］Li Yanchen,Guo Nianfa.Hydrocarbons accumulation analysis of G4-188 block in north Gabon Subbasin of Gabon Basin［J］.China Petruleum Exploration,2008,(3):55-59.［李彦忱,郭念发.非洲加蓬海岸盆地北加蓬次盆G4-188区块油气成藏分析［J］.中国石油勘探,2008,(3):55-59.］

［21］Teisserenc P,Villemin J.Sedimentary basin of Gabon-geology and oil Systerns［M］//Edwards J D,Santogrossi P A.Divergent/Passive Margin Basins,Tulsa,OK:AAPG,1989:177-199.

［22］Mbina M M.Sedimentary dynamics and structural geology of pre-rift deposits of the interior basin of Gabon［J］.Journal of African Earth Sciences,2002,(35):315-329.

［23］Robert P,Yapaudjian L.Early Cretaceous rift sediments of the Gabon-Congo margin:lithology and organic matter:Tectonic and paleogeothermal evolution［J］.Journal of African Earth Sciences,1990,10(1/2):319-330.

［24］Dupr S,Bertotti G,Cloetiingh S.Teconic history along the South Gabon Basin:Anomalous early post-rift subsidence［J］.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2007,24(3):151-172.

［25］Ma Jun,Liu Jianping,Pan Xiaohua,et al.Geological characters of the east and west Africa continental margins and their significance for hydrocarbon exploration［J］.Journal of Chengdu University of Technology:Science & Technology Edition,2009,36(5):538-545.［马君,刘剑平,潘校华,等.东、西非大陆边缘比较及其油气意义［J］.成都理工大学学报:自然科学版,2009,36(5):538-545.］

［26］Sun Haitao,Zhong Dakang,Zhang Simeng.Difference in hydrocarbon distribution in passive margin basins of east and west Africa［J］.Petroleum Exploration and Development,2010,37(5):561-567.［孙海涛,钟大康,张思梦.非洲东西部被动大陆边缘盆地油气分布差异［J］.石油勘探与开发,2010,37(5):561-567.］

［27］Ma Zhongzhen,Xie Yinfu,Geng Changbo,et al.Petroleum geology and analysis on favorable exploration targets of Campos Basin,Brazil［J］.Journal of Jinlin University:Earth Science Edition,2011,41(5):1389-1396.［马中振,谢寅符,耿长波,等.巴西坎波斯(campos)盆地石油地质特征与勘探有利区分析［J］.吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2011,41(5):1389-1396.］

［28］He Juan,He Dengfa,Li Shunli,et al.Formation and distribution of giant oil and gas fields in passive continental margin of South Atlantic Ocean:A case study of santos Basin in Brazil［J］.China Petroleum Exploration,2011,(3):57-67.［何娟,何登发,李顺利,等.南大西洋被动大陆边缘盆地大油气田形成条件与分布规律——以巴西桑托斯盆地为例［J］.中国石油勘探,2011,(3):57-67.］

［29］Dickson W G,Fryklund R E,Odegard M E,et al.Constraints for plate reconstruction using gravity data:Implications for source and reservoir distribution in Brazilian and west African margin basins［J］.Marine and Petroleum Geology,2003,20:309-323.

［30］Burke K,Macgregor D S,Cameron N R.Africa′s petroleum systems:Four tectonic“Aces”in the past 600 million years［C］// Arthur T,Macgregor D S,Cameron N R.Petroleum Geology of Africa:New Themes and Developing Technologies.London Geological Society Special Publications,No.207,London:London Geolosical Society,2003:21-60.

［31］Dalziel I W,Lawver L A,Murphy J B.Plumes,orogenesis,and supercontinental fragmentation［J］.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2000,178(1/2):1-11.

［32］Uchupi E.The tectonic style of the Atlantic Mesozoic rift system［J］.Journal of African Earth Sciences,1989,8(2/3/4):143-164.

［33］Xiong Liping,Liu Yanli,Huo Hong.Comparison of the hydrocarbon accumulation patterns of petroliferous basins between the north and south parts of the west African coast［J］.Oil & Gas Geology,2010,31(4):410-419.［熊利平,刘延莉,霍红.西非海岸南、北两段主要含油气盆地油气成藏特征对比［J］.石油与天然气地质,2010,31(4):410-419.］

［34］Scotese C R,Boucot A J,Mckerrow W S.Gondwanan palaeogeography and palaeoclimatology［J］.Journal of African Earth Sciences,1999,28(1):99-114.

［35］Jackson M P,Hudec M R,Jennette D C,et al.Evolution of the Cretaceous Astrid thrust belt in the ultradeep- water Lower Congo Basin,Gabon［J］.AAPG Bulletin,2008,92(4):487-511.
[1] 肖敦清, 姜文亚, 蒲秀刚, 王娜, 岳云福, 孙超囡, 代昆, 滑双君. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷中深层天然气成藏条件与资源潜力[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1409-1421.
[2] 韩宝，王昌伟，盛世锋，庞燕青. 准噶尔盆地中拐—五区二叠系不整合面对油气成藏控制作用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(12): 1821-1828.
[3] 王琳，赵孟军，孟庆洋，王鹏，王科，袁海莉,申磊军，雷刚. 柴达木盆地英西地区中深层油气成藏过程分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(12): 1846-1854.
[4] 张功成，屈红军，赵冲，张凤廉，赵钊. 全球深水油气勘探40年大发现及未来勘探前景[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(10): 1447-1477.
[5] 王龙，谢晓军，刘世翔，宋双，王一博，唐武，郭佳，孙瑞. 南海南部主要盆地油气分布规律及主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(10): 1546-1554.
[6] 秦雁群，张光亚，梁英波，温志新，王兆明，张磊，巴丹，汪永华. 南大西洋深水油气分布特征、聚集规律与勘探方向[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(2): 229-240.
[7] 史基安，郭晖，吴剑锋，姚爱国，邹妞妞，吴志雄. 准噶尔盆地滴西地区石炭系火山岩油气成藏主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S2): 1-11.
[8] 刘炜博，鞠治学，韩剑发，祁燕飞，汤明刚. 塔里木盆地塔中Ⅲ区奥陶系碳酸盐岩各层系油气成藏特征及富集规律[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S2): 125-137.
[9] 王宏斌，张虎权，杨丽莎，郑多明，姚清洲，代冬冬. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区潜山岩溶带油气成藏关键因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S1): 72-79.
[10] 刘军，崔海峰，陈永权，田雷，张年春. 膏岩层在油气成藏中的作用及勘探意义——以塔西南麦盖提斜坡区奥陶系为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S1): 139-147.
[11] 吴斌，何登发，孙方源. 塔里木盆地古城低凸起下古生界的断裂特征及成因机制[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(5): 871-879.
[12] 李萌，汤良杰，漆立新，黄太柱，甄素静，田亚杰. 塔北隆起南坡差异构造演化及其对油气成藏的控制[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(2): 218-228.
[13] 吴海，赵孟军，卓勤功，鲁雪松. 库车坳陷北部单斜带油气充注史及成藏潜力分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(12): 2325-2335.
[14] 王建君，李浩武，王青，胡湘瑜，白建辉，张宁宁. 埃塞俄比亚Ogaden盆地侏罗系成藏组合地质特征与勘探潜力[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(1): 90-101.
[15] 王明健，张训华，肖国林，吴志强，王 蛟，王安国. 南黄海盆地南部坳陷三叠纪以来的构造演化与油气成藏[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2014, 25(7): 991-998.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!