王招明
WANG Zhao-ming
摘要:
库车坳陷具有丰富的天然气资源,继克拉2大气田发现后,近年来在克拉苏断裂下盘克深区带发现了大北、克深等大型气田。以克深、大北大气田为例,详细论述了克拉苏盐下深层大气田的形成机制与富集规律,认为侏罗系—三叠系煤系烃源岩5Ma以来生气强度和生气速率达到极大值[高达(160~320)×108m3/km2和15~20mg/(gTOC·Ma)],为高效气源灶。克拉苏冲断带叠置在供烃中心之上,充足的气源是大北—克深气田天然气富集的物质基础。区域性巨厚膏盐岩盖层限制构造冲断突破、有效保护储层、高效保存油气,是盐下油气富集的重要保证。克深—大北分层滑脱收缩变形,盐下冲断叠瓦构造成排成带,广泛分布的低孔砂岩储层,为天然气富集提供了有利空间。克深—大北地区盐下深层构造的形成与区域构造挤压关系密切,主要是晚喜马拉雅期强烈冲断挤压形成,上新世—第四纪是克拉苏构造带形成的主要时期,主体构造基本都是在库车组中晚期定型;而生烃史研究也表明烃源岩主要生气期在库车组沉积以来,主生气期与构造定型期的良好匹配决定了克拉苏冲断带盐下晚期高效成藏,是该区深层形成大气田的重要原因。
中图分类号:
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