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天然气地球科学

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湖北松滋地区下奥陶统生物扰动型凝块石的发现及其成因探讨

肖传桃，肖云鹏，宋振宇，黄云飞，董曼   

  1. 长江大学地球科学学院，湖北 武汉 430100
  • 收稿日期:2018-02-14 修回日期:2018-05-20 出版日期:2018-08-10 发布日期:2018-08-10
  • 通讯作者: 宋振宇(1992-)，男，山东东营人，博士研究生，主要从事生物礁地质学及勘探地层学研究. E-mail:646112604@qq.com.
  • 作者简介:肖传桃(1965-)，男，江西九江人，教授，博士，博士生导师，主要从事生物礁地质学及勘探地层学研究.E-mail：ctxiao@yangtzeu.edu.cn.
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(编号：41572322)；湖北省创新群体基金(编号：2015CFA024)联合资助．
     

Discovery of bioturbated thrombolites in the Lower Ordovician of Songzi area，Hubei Province

Xiao Chuan-tao，Xiao Yun-peng，Song Zhen-yu，Huang Yun-fei，Dong Man   

  1. Geosciences School of Yangtze University，Wuhan 430100，China
  • Received:2018-02-14 Revised:2018-05-20 Online:2018-08-10 Published:2018-08-10

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摘要： 首次在下奥陶统中发现生物扰动成因的凝块石，该发现有可能填补扬子地区奥陶纪该领域的空白，为凝块石成因的研究提供新的材料，并且对于探索凝块石演化与后生动物辐射之间关系具有重要理论意义。根据凝块石的外观特征和结构，将其划分为斑状凝块石、条带状凝块石和网状凝块石，其中，斑状凝块石又可以划分为豹斑状、花斑状和斑片状。在详细阐述豹斑状和网状凝块石沉积特征基础上，详细阐述了凝块石在纵向和横向上的发育与分布特征，并分析了凝块石的沉积环境，认为斑状凝块石可能形成于较为局限的具有一定能量的潮间带环境中，网状凝块石可能形成于潮下低能环境中。依据上述2种凝块石中发现的许多食草动物Ecculiomphalus化石以及由钻孔动物所形成的生物扰动痕迹等现象，指出由于后生动物的多样性的不断增加，导致食草动物不仅啃食了形成叠层石的菌藻类微生物，造成叠层石数量的不断减少，而且破坏了叠层石的生长状态，结果形成了研究区独具特征的生物扰动型凝块石。

关键词: 凝块石, 生物扰动, 叠层石, 下奥陶统, 松滋地区

Abstract: It is the first time that bioturbated thrombolites was discovered from the Lower Ordovician in Songzi area of Hubei Province.This discovery not only fills gaps in the research field of the studying area，providing new material for the study of the genesis of thrombolites，but also has important theoretic meaning for exploring the relationship between the evolution of coagulation stone and the radiation of metazoan.According to the appearance and structure of the thrombolites，porphyritic，reticular and striped clotted limestone was recognized in this paper.Based on the detailed description of the sedimentary characteristics of each type of thrombolite，the sedimentary environment is analyzed.It is thought that the maculosus，striped clotted limestone may be formed in the restricted intertidal zone with certain energy，and the reticulated coagulation stone may be formed in the low energy environment of subtidal zone.Based on a number of drilling predation fossils of mollusks Ecculiomphalus found in leopard porphyritic，reticulated thrombolites and traces of bioturbation formed by the drilling animals，the authors suggest that both leopard porphyritic and reticulated coagulation stone are bioturbated thrombolites.The authors believe that the Ordovician thrombolites are decreasing with time，and there is a certain relationship between the decline of thrombolites and the increase of metazoan.The authors also believe that drilled predators not only chew up the bacteria and algae microbes forming thrombolites and stromatolites，resulting in the continuous reduction in the number of stromatolites，but also destroyed the growth state of the stromatolites，resulting in the formation of the unique characteristics of the bioturbation type of thrombolites.

Key words: Thrombolites, Bioturbation, Stromatolites, Lower Ordovician, Songzi area

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.3

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