天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

柴达木盆地英西地区E23咸化湖盆白云岩储集层特征及发育主控因素

黄成刚1,2,关新3,倪祥龙2,常海燕2,张世铭2,杨森2   

  1. 1.中国石油天然气集团公司油藏描述重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730020;
    2.中国石油勘探开发研究院西北分院,甘肃 兰州 730020;
    3.西南石油大学地球科学与技术学院,四川 成都 610500
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-21 修回日期:2016-12-15 出版日期:2017-02-10 发布日期:2017-02-10
  • 作者简介:黄成刚(1979-),男,湖北荆州人,高级工程师,硕士,主要从事沉积储层方面研究工作. E-mail:12664018@qq.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技重大专项“柴达木盆地复杂构造区油气成藏、关键勘探技术与新领域目标优选”项目(编号:2016ZX05003-006)资助.

The characteristics and major factors controlling on the E23 dolomite reservoirs in saline lacustrine basin in the Yingxi area of Qaidam Basin

Huang Cheng-gang1,2,Guan Xin3,Ni Xiang-long2,Chang Hai-yan2,Zhang Shi-ming2,Yang Sen2   

  1. 1.Key Lab of Reservoir Description of CNPC,Lanzhou 730020,China;
    2.Northwest Branch of Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Lanzhou 730020,China;
    3.School of Geoscience and Technology,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China
  • Received:2016-09-21 Revised:2016-12-15 Online:2017-02-10 Published:2017-02-10

摘要:

近年来,柴达木盆地英西地区深层E23油气勘探获得了重要发现。基于岩心观察、系统的微观岩石学、结构构造分析以及地球化学分析,研究柴达木盆地英西地区白云岩储集层特征及发育的主控因素。泥晶白云岩为英西地区E23的主要有效储集岩,具有“低孔—特低渗”的物性特征,储集空间类型以白云石晶间孔为主,含部分微裂缝,这类孔径较小而数量极多的晶间孔储油是英西地区油藏稳产的重要控制因素。储层地球化学特征研究结果显示,白云岩储层为咸化条件下的准同生交代成因类型,主要证据包括:①微观孔隙结构特征;②高Ca/Mg摩尔比值的非理想状态的成分组成;③“低锰”的元素地球化学特征;④“碳偏负氧偏正”的同位素地球化学特征及其反映的低温成因;⑤成核结晶速度较快的不稳定环境造成的低有序度结构特征。这类特殊咸化环境下因晶格内部离子交换造成体积变化形成的收缩晶间孔,其孔径大小受控于当时的Mg2+丰度,进而决定着储集层的物性,且这类晶间孔具有较强的抗压实能力,在深层、超深层依然能保存完好。准同生交代成因模式决定了白云岩在平面上分布广泛,因此这一研究成果在平面展布上和纵向深度上均拓展了柴西地区湖相白云岩勘探新领域。

关键词: 柴达木盆地, 咸化湖盆, E23, 准同生交代, 白云岩储集层, 晶间孔

Abstract:

In recent years,important breakthrough progress and discovery has been made in exploration of petroleum from deep reservoirs of E23 in western Qaidam Basin.Based on core observation,petrographic and structural microscopic characteristics analysis,and geochemical analysis,the characteristics and major factors controlling the development of dolomite reservoirs in the Yingxi area in Qaidam Basin are studied.Dolomicrite was the main effective reservoir rock of E23 in the Yingxi region,whose physical characteristics are “low porosity-extra low permeability”.The reservoir spaces of the dolomite are mainly intergranular pore,but including some micro-cracks.Oil and gas can be produced stably in the Yingxi Oilfield because most oil and gas are preserved in these “small size-large quantity” pores.Research results of the geochemical characteristics of reservoir show that the dolomite is penecontemporaneous metasomatic type which formed in the salty conditions.Main evidence includes:(1)micro pore structure characteristics,(2)high Ca/Mg molar ratio of no ideal components,(3)low content of “Mn” element geochemical characteristics,(4)“carbon negative-oxygen positive” isotope geochemistry and the low temperature characteristics reflected by it,(5)low degree of order structure which is caused by the rapid nucleation and crystallization unstable environment.The shrinkage intergranular pores were formed by ion exchange in the crystal lattice in the special salty environment,and its pore size is controlled by the abundance of Mg2+ at that time.Therefore,the physical property of the reservoir is indirectly controlled by the paleo salinity.These intergranular pores have a strong ability to resist compaction and they can still be preserved in the deep,ultra deep strata.The origin model of dolomite determines its wide distribution in the plane.So the research findings expanded a new exploration field about lacustrine dolomite in western Qaidam whether in the plane distribution or in depth.

Key words: Qaidam Basin, Saline lacustrine basin, E23, Penecontemporaneous metasomatism, Dolomite reservoirs, Intercrystalline pores

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.2+3

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