天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

南大西洋深水油气分布特征、聚集规律与勘探方向

秦雁群,张光亚,梁英波,温志新,王兆明,张磊,巴丹,汪永华   

  1. (中国石油勘探开发研究院,北京 100083)
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-22 修回日期:2015-07-13 出版日期:2016-02-10 发布日期:2016-02-10
  • 作者简介:秦雁群(1982),男,安徽巢湖人,工程师,博士,主要从事海外及深水油气勘探研究. Email:yqqin@petrochina.com.cn.
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技重大专项(编号:2011ZX05028);中国石油天然气股份公司专项(编号:2013E0501)联合资助.

Distribution characteristics,accumulation rules and exploration directions of deep water hydrocarbon in South Atlantic

Qin Yanqun,,Zhang Guangya,Liang Yingbo,Wen Zhixin,Wang Zhaoming,Zhang Lei,Ba Dan,Wang Yonghua   

  1. (PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration & Development,Beijing 100083,China)
  • Received:2015-04-22 Revised:2015-07-13 Online:2016-02-10 Published:2016-02-10

摘要:

南大西洋是全球深水油气勘探热点地区,深水油气资源丰富。基于国际商业数据库油气田数据统计与滨岸盆地成盆规律,分析表明:南大西洋深水油气平面上主要分布于六大盆地内、走向上以中段富含盐岩盆地为主、横向上伸展带发现居多、纵向上储集在过渡期碳酸盐岩和漂移期浊积岩内,可以利用共轭特征类比进行被动陆缘深水油气勘探。结合盆地资料与区域地质认识,梳理了南大西洋深水油气聚集规律:①深水油气形成于含高塑性体伸展与挤压和不含高塑性体开阔环境三大构造背景;②含有裂谷期湖相泥岩、漂移早期和漂移中晚期海相页岩3套有效烃源岩;③发育盐上三角洲与浊积碎屑岩、盐下潟湖相碳酸盐岩2套优质储层;④拥有厚层盐岩和海相页岩2种类型区域性盖层;⑤富含构造—地层、构造等多种成因圈闭类型;⑥深水油气经断裂短距离运移,紧邻生烃中心聚集;⑦形成上白垩统、下白垩统和新生界3套重要深水成藏组合;⑧深水油气晚期成藏,以构造—地层、构造油气藏类型为主。通过建立不同类型盆地深水油气成藏模式,指出不同构造段深水勘探重点方向:北段上白垩统近岸叠覆型深水扇、赤道段古近系—新近系斜坡水道及深水逆冲带前缘、中段伸展带盐上浊积岩和底辟—逆冲带盐下碳酸盐岩、南段上白垩统与断块相关斜坡水道。

关键词: 南大西洋, 被动大陆边缘, 深水, 西非, 巴西东部, 盐岩, 成藏组合

Abstract:

South Atlantic is one of the world deep water hydrocarbon exploration hotspots and is enriched in deep water resources.Based on oilgas fields data of international commercial databases statistical analysis and formation rules of coastal basins,it can be seen that deep water hydrocarbon of South Atlantic were distributed mainly in six basins in plane.To specify,they mainly located in rich salt basins in the middle section along strike direction,found more on extensional zone along transverse direction,accumulated in carbonate of transitional period and turbidite of drift period vertically.It is effective to utilize conjugate features analogy to explore deep water hydrocarbon in passive margin.Combining basin data and regional geological knowledge,this paper summarizes the following rules of deep water hydrocarbon accumulation in South Atlantic.(1)Deep water hydrocarbon were formed in three tectonic settings,which are extensional and compressional environments in containedhigh plastic body area,and open environment in nonhigh plastic body area.(2)Three sets of effective source rocks are inclusive,they are lacustrine mudstone in rifting period,marine shale in early and middlelate drift period.(3)Two sets of high quality reservoirs were formed,clastic rocks of delta and turbidite in postsalt and carbonate of lagoon facies in presalt.(4)Two types of regional thick cap rocks were owned,salt and marine shale.(5)A variety of genesis trap types were contained,such as structuralstratigraphic trap,structural trap,etc.(6)Deep water hydrocarbon migrated through fault in short distances and accumulated closely to hydrocarbon generation center.(7)Three sets of important deep water plays were formed,including Upper Cretaceous,Lower Cretaceous and Cenozoic.(8)Deep water hydrocarbon was generally accumulated in late period and was mainly formed in structuralstratigraphic and structural reservoir.According to the established different types of deep water hydrocarbon accumulation patterns,deep water hydrocarbon exploration directions with different structural sections were pointed out.It  suggested concentration on proximal superimposed deep water fans of Upper Cretaceous in the north section,slope channels and thrust front of Tertiary in the equator section,postsalt turbidite of extensional zone and presalt carbonate of diaperthrust zone in the middle section,as well as slope channels associated with fault block of Upper Cretaceous in the south section.

Key words: South Atlantic, Passive continental margin, Deep water, West Africa, Eastern Brazil, Salt rocks, Play

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.1

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