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考虑启动压力梯度的致密砂岩储层渗透率分形模型

白瑞婷，李治平，南珺祥，赖枫鹏，李洪，韦青   

  1. 1.中国地质大学(北京)非常规天然气能源地质评价与开发工程北京市重点实验室，能源学院，北京 100083；
    2.低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室，陕西 西安 710018
  • 收稿日期:2015-04-09 修回日期:2015-07-20 出版日期:2016-01-10 发布日期:2016-01-10
  • 作者简介:白瑞婷(1983-)，女，山东聊城人，博士研究生，主要从事油气田开发理论方法研究. E-mail:ruitingwhite@163.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家科技重大专项课题“新一代油藏数值模拟软件”(编号:2011ZX05009-006)；中国石油长庆油田分公司科学研究与技术开发项目“致密油储层定量评价技术研究”(编号:技2014-18)联合资助.

The fractal permeability model in tight sand reservoir accounts for start-up gradient

Bai Rui-ting，Li Zhi-ping，Nan Jun-xiang，Lai Feng-peng，Li Hong，Wei Qing   

  1. 1.China University of Geosciences(Beijing),Beijing Key Laboratory of Unconventional Natural Gas Geology Evaluation
    and Development Engineering,School of Energy and Resource,Beijing 100083,China;
    （JP2）2.National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low-Permeability Oil and Gas Fields,Xi’an 710018,China
  • Received:2015-04-09 Revised:2015-07-20 Online:2016-01-10 Published:2016-01-10

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摘要：

渗透率是描述储层渗流能力的物性参数。利用孔隙结构参数估算储层渗透率的经验公式是建立在理想化模型基础上的。在致密砂岩储层中，由于孔隙度、渗透率较低，喉道细小，边界层作用比较显著，流体渗流阻力大，存在明显的非达西渗流特征。与岩心分析方法相比，利用这种常规计算方法得到的渗透率与岩心渗透率偏差较大，无法准确进行产能计算。基于分形理论，考虑了毛细管迂曲度的分形维数和流体的非线性流动特征，利用毛管渗流模型建立了启动压力梯度存在时的渗透率分形模型。结果表明渗透率为储层孔隙度φ，储层孔喉分形维数Df、毛细管迂曲度分形维数DT以及最大孔喉半径rmax的函数，充分体现了储层微观孔隙结构和分形维数对渗透率的影响。通过与前人研究结果对比分析，新模型计算值相对误差较小，与实际岩心分析数据拟合趋势基本一致,表明新模型可以较好地预测致密油藏的渗透率。

关键词: 渗透率, 孔隙度, 启动压力梯度, 分形维数, 迂曲度, 孔喉结构

Abstract:

Permeability is a key factor to reflect seepage ability of reservoirs.The empirical formula of using pore structure parameters to estimate reservoir permeability is based on the idealized model.Tight sandstone reservoirs are mainly characterized by small reservoir pores,fine throats,and high seepage resistance.These properties cause liquids to flow through such ultra-low permeability porous media,which has the characteristic of non-Darcy flow.Compared with core analytical method,there is a great deviation from real permeability using conventional computing method to get permeability of tight sandstone reservoirs,which is not suitable for productivity calculation.Based on the fractal theory and considering the fractal dimension for capillary tortuosity and nonlinear flow characteristics of liquids,a fractal permeability model is derived which considers threshold pressure gradient.Results show that the permeability is a function of porosity,fractal dimension for pore throat,capillary tortuosity and maximum radius of pore throat,which reflects the effects of microscopic pore structure and the fractal dimension on reservoir permeability.Compared with the previous work,the calculated results had less relative error and were consistent with core analysis results.The new model will be helpful to predict permeability of tight sandstone reservoirs.

Key words: Permeability, Porosity, Threshold pressure gradient, Fractal dimension, Tortuosity, Pore-throat structure

中图分类号: 

  • TE122.2+3

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