天然气地球科学
高级检索
作者投稿 专家审稿 编辑办公

天然气地球科学

• 天然气地质学 • 上一篇    下一篇

塔里木盆地古城低凸起下古生界的断裂特征及成因机制

吴斌，何登发，孙方源   

  1. 中国地质大学(北京)能源学院，北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2014-10-29 修回日期:2015-03-12 出版日期:2015-05-10 发布日期:2015-05-10
  • 通讯作者: 何登发(1967-)，男，四川阆中人，教授，博士生导师，主要从事含油气盆地构造分析研究.E-mail:hedengfa282@263.net.
  • 作者简介:吴斌(1985-)，男，山西太原人，博士研究生，主要从事沉积盆地构造特征研究.E-mail:wubin_upc@163.com.
  • 基金资助:

    国家自然科学基金重点项目(编号：40739906)；国家油气专项(编号：2011ZX05008-001)联合资助.

Fault Characteristic and Genetic Mechanism of the Lower Paleozoic in Gucheng Lower Uplift,Tarim Basin

WU Bin，HE Deng-fa，SUN Fang-yuan   

  1. School of Energy Resources,China University of Geosciences,Beijing 100083,China
  • Received:2014-10-29 Revised:2015-03-12 Online:2015-05-10 Published:2015-05-10

PDF (PC)

471

摘要：

塔里木盆地古城低凸起在下奥陶统鹰山组下段白云岩储层中发现重要的油气资源，而断裂作为油气运移的通道，起着重要的作用。通过对古城低凸起三维地震资料的精细解析，结合主要界面的最大负曲率属性分析，对主要断裂带的剖面特征、平面特征、活动期次、成因机制及对油气成藏的影响进行了详细研究。结果表明，古城低凸起在剖面上主要发育负花状构造和平行高陡断裂2种构造样式|平面上主要发育NW向、NE向和NNE向共3个方向的断裂。结合对不整合面、生长指数和上覆地层的变形特征等综合分析，厘定出断裂的活动主要有3期，包括加里东早期(中寒武世)、加里东中期(晚奥陶世早期)和加里东晚期—海西早期(志留纪—泥盆纪)。加里东中期发育的张扭断裂，主要受控于先存基底薄弱带和阿尔金山北缘发育的沟—弧—盆构造体系的影响|加里东晚期—海西早期发育的张扭断裂是在加里东中期的拉张断裂的基础上继承发育的，受控于右旋走滑的古城北断裂和左旋走滑的车尔臣断裂。断裂的发育对古城低凸起的油气成藏有着重要的作用，主要表现在2个方面:断裂作为重要的油气通道，控制油气垂向运移；断裂也是热液流体的通道，利于白云岩化，改善储层物性。

关键词: 古城低凸起, 活动期次, 成因机制, 油气成藏

Abstract:

Important oil and gas resources have been found in the dolomite reservoir of the lower segment of the Lower Ordovician Yingshan Formation in the Gucheng Lower Uplift.Faults are pathways of oil and gas and play an important role.Based on the detailed interpretation of 3D seismic data and maximum negative curvature attribute along main interface from Gucheng Lower Uplift,Tarim Basin,main fault zones were identified,and its profile characteristics,planar characteristics,active stages,genetic mechanism and influences on hydrocarbon accumulation were also studied.Research shows that two kinds of structural styles were formed,including negative flower structure and parallel high steep fault.On the plane,there were main development of NW,NE and NNE trending.Analysis combined with unconformity,growth index,overlying strata deformation characteristics,the faults were active mainly during the Early Caledonian(the Middle Cambrian),the Middle Caledonian(early in the Late Ordovician) and the Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian(Silurian-Devonian).The Middle Caledonian tension-shear faults developed based on previous basement weak zone,and were influenced by trench-arc-basin tectonic system in the northern margin of Altun.The Late Caledonian-Early Hercynian tension-shear faults developed based on the middle Caledonian tension-shear faults,and were controlled by the dextral strike-slip Guchengbei fault and the sinistral strike-slip Cherchen fault.Fault development plays an important role in the oil and gas accumulation.Mainly in two aspects:fault acts as an important channel to control oil and gas vertical migration|fault is the hydrothermal fluid channel,which will help dolomitization,improve reservoir property.

Key words: Gucheng Lower Uplift, Active stages, Genetic mechanism, Hydrocarbon accumulation

中图分类号: 

  • TE121.1

[1]Wang Zhaoming,Yang Haijun,Qi Yingmin,et al.Ordovician gas exploration breakthrough in the in the Gucheng Lower Uplift of the Tarim Basin and its enlightenment[J].Natural Gas Industry,2014,34(1):22-26.[王招明,杨海军,齐英敏,等.塔里木盆地古城地区奥陶系天然气勘探重大突破及其启示[J].天然气工业,2014,34(1):22-26.]
[2]Yang Shengbin,Liu Jun,Li Huili,et al.Characteristics of the NE-trending strike-slip fault system and its control on oil accumulation in north pericline area of the Tazhong Paleouplift[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2013,34(6):797-802.[杨圣彬,刘军,李慧莉,等.塔中北围斜区北东向走滑断裂特征及其控油作用[J].石油与天然气地质,2013,34(6):797-802.]
[3]Cai Xiyao,Qian Yixiong,Chen Qianglu,et al.Discovery and significance of Qrebake and Yijianfang Formations of Ordovician in well GL1,Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology & Experiment,2011,33(4):348-352.[蔡习尧,钱一雄,陈强路,等.塔里木盆地古隆1井奥陶系恰尔巴克组与一间房组的发现及意义[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(4):348-352.]
[4]Yu Kuanhong,Jin Zhenkui.Application of seismic facies analysis method in studies of evolution and characteristics of Gucheng platform in Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(1):115-121.[余宽宏,金振奎.地震相在塔里木盆地古城地区碳酸盐岩台地演化及特征分析中的应用[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(1):115-121.]
[5]Zhao Ming,Gan Huajun,Yue Yong,et al.Characteristics of Ordovician carbonate reservoirs in the western plunge of Guchengxu Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Geology in China,2009,36(1):93-100.[赵明,甘华军,岳勇,等.塔里木盆地古城墟隆起西端奥陶系碳酸盐岩储层特征及预测[J].中国地质,2009,36(1):93-100.]
[6]Kang Zhaoxing,Cao Zhicheng,Wang Xinwen,et al.Reservoir characteristics and influencing factors in the inner Yingshan Formation in Guchengxu Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2013,25(4):44-49.[康照星,曹自成,汪新文,等.塔里木盆地古城墟隆起鹰山组内幕储层特征及影响因素[J].岩性油气藏,2013,25(4):44-49.]
[7]Zou Yuanrong,Guo Shuyuan,Qian Yixiong,et al.Forming mechanism of Ordovician reservoirs in the western plunge of Guchengxu Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].West China Petroleum Geosciences,2005,1(2):144-147.[邹元荣,郭书元,钱一雄,等.塔里木盆地古城墟隆起西部倾没端奥陶系成藏条件分析[J].中国西部油气地质,2005,1(2):144-147.]
[8]Wu Guanghong,Li Bing,Zhou Xinke,et al.The drilling efforts and significance of Ordovician in the in the Guchengxu Uplift of Tazhong area[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2007,28(2):154-157.[吴光宏,黎兵,周新科,等.塔中古城墟隆起奥陶系钻探成果与勘探意义[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(2):154-157.]
[9]Cai Xiyao,Zhang Zhili,Deng Xiaojie,et al.Configuration of the Lower Palaeozoic source and reservoir units in the Gucheng Lower Uplift,Tarim block[J].Journal of Stratigraphy,2012,36(4):733-738.[蔡习尧,张智礼,邓小杰,等.塔里木板块古城墟隆起奥陶系油气成藏分析[J].地层学杂志,2012,36(4):733-738.]
[10]Qian Ling,Li Jianghai,Lu Yuhong,et al.Two pyrolytic gases found and proved in Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2011,22(4):628-634.[钱玲,李江海,卢玉红,等.塔东地区古城4井和罗西1井油气成藏差异性分析[J].天然气地球科学,2011,22(4):628-634.]
[11]Jiao Zhifeng,Gao Zhiqian.Formation,evolution and hydrocarbon-controlling geological conditions of major paleohighs,Tarim Basin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2008,19(5):639-646.[焦志峰,高志前.塔里木盆地主要古隆起的形成、演化及控油气地质条件分析[J].天然气地球科学,2008,19(5):639-646.]
[12]Ma Qingyou,Sha Xuguang,Li Zongjie,et al.Evidence of exposure erosion of Lower-Middle Ordovician top in Beiweixie region,middle Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2013,35(5):500-504.[马庆佑,沙旭光,李宗杰,等.塔里木盆地塔中北围斜中下奥陶统顶部暴露剥蚀的证据探讨[J].石油实验地质,2013,35(5):500-504.]
[13]Gao Zhiqian,Wang Huiming,Fan Tailiang.Facies,sedimentary system and assembled sequence in Cambrian-Ordovician of Tarim Basin[J].Journal of Xinjiang Oil & Gas,2005,1(1):30-35.[高志前,王惠民,樊太亮.塔里木盆地寒武—奥陶系沉积相沉积体系及其组合序列[J].新疆石油天然气,2005,1(1):30-35.]
[14]Zhang Yueqiao,Jia Jindou,Jin Jiuqiang,et al.Characteristics of Cambrian-Ordovician sedimentary facies in Tadong region and its sedimentary model[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2007,18(2):229-234.[张月巧,贾进斗,靳久强,等.塔东地区寒武—奥陶系沉积相与沉积演化模式[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(2):229-234.]
[15]Xia Yiping,Liu Wanghui,Xu Ligui,et al.Identification of strike-slip fault and its petroleum geology significance[J].China Petroleum Exploration,2007,12(1):17-23.[夏义平,刘万辉,徐礼贵,等.走滑断层的识别标志及其石油地质意义[J].中国石油勘探,2007,12(1):17-23.]
[16]Wilcox R E,Harding T P,Seely D R.Basic wrench tectonics[J].AAPG Bulletin,1973,57(1):74-96.
[17]Hu Ming,Fu Guang,Lv Yanfang,et al.The fault activity period and its relationship to deep gas accumulation in the Xujiaweizi Depression,Songliao Basin[J].Geological Review,2010,56(5):710-717.[胡明,付广,吕廷防,等.松辽盆地徐家围子断陷断裂活动时期及其与深层气成藏关系分析[J].地质评论,2010,56(5):710-717.]
[18]Li Chuanxin,Jia Chenzao,Li Benliang,et al.Distribution and tectonic evolution of the Paleozoic fault system,the north slope of Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(8):1066-1073.[李传新,贾承造,李本亮,等.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起北斜坡古生代断裂展布与构造演化[J].地质学报,2009,83(8):1066-1073.]
[19]He Dengfa,Jia Chengzao,Zhou Xinyuan,et al.Control principles of structures and tectonics over hydrocarbon accumulation and distribution in multi-stage superimposed basins[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2005,26(3):1-9.[何登发,贾承造,周新源,等.多旋回叠合盆地构造控油原理[J].石油学报,2005,26(3):1-9.]
[20]He Dengfa,Jia Chengzao,Li Desheng,et al.Formation and evolution of polycyclic superimposed Tarim Basin[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2005,26(1):64-77.[何登发,贾承造,李德生,等.塔里木多旋回叠合盆地形成于演化[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(1):64-77.]
[21]Li Chuanxin,Jia Chengzao,Li Benliang,et al.Distribution and tectonic evolution of the Paleozoic fault system,the north slope of Tazhong Uplift,Tarim Basin[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2009,83(8):1065-1073.[李传新,贾承造,李本亮,等.塔里木盆地塔中低凸起北斜坡古生代断裂展布与构造演化[J].地质学报,2009,83(8):1065-1073.]
[22]Jin Zhijun.New progresses in research of China′s typical superimposed basins and reservoiring of hydrocarbons(Part Ⅱ):Taking Tarim Basin as an example[J].Oil & Gas Geology,2006,27(3):64-77.[金之钧.中国典型叠合盆地油气成藏研究新进展(之二)——以塔里木盆地为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(3):64-77.]
[23]Pang Xiongqi,Luo Xiaorong,Jiang Zhenxue,et al.Advancements and problems on hydrocarbon accumulation research of complicated superimposed basins in western China[J].Advances in Earth Science,2007,28(2):154-157.[庞雄奇,罗晓容,姜振学,等.中国西部复杂叠合盆地油气成藏研究进展与问题[J].地球科学进展,2007,28(2):154-157.]
[24]Jia Chengzao.Plate Tectonics and Continental Dynamics,Tarim Basin[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2004.[贾承造.塔里木盆地板块构造与大陆动力学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.]
[25]Jin Xianmei,Cao Zicheng,Chen Jianhua.Structural evolution and exploration direction of Guchengxu Uplift of Tarim Basin[J].Xinjiang Petroleum Geology,2013,34(4):418-420.[金仙梅,曹自成,陈建华.塔里木盆地古城墟隆起构造演化及勘探方向[J].新疆石油地质,2013,34(4):418-420.]
[26]Huang Taizhu.Structural interpretation and petroleum exploration targets in northern slope of middle Tarim Basin[J].Petroleum Geology and Experiment,2014,36(3):257-267.[黄太柱.塔里木盆地塔中北坡构造解析与油气勘探方向[J].石油实验地质,2014,36(3):257-267.]
[27]Xu Zhiqin,Li Sitian,Zhang Jianxin,et al.Paleo-Asian and tethyan tectonic systems with docking the Tarim block[J].Acta Petrologica Sinica,2011,27(1):1-22.[许志琴,李思田,张建新,等.塔里木地块与古亚洲/特提斯构造体系的对接[J].岩石学报,2011,27(1):1-22.]
[28]Liu Han,Wang Guocan,Yang Zijiang,et al.Geochronology and geochemistry of the Qiashikansayi basalt and its constraint on the closure progress of the north Altyn ocean[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,2013,87(1):38-54.[刘函,王国灿,杨子江,等.恰什坎萨伊沟玄武岩年代学、地球化学特征及其对北阿尔金洋盆闭合过程的制约[J].地质学报,2013,87(1):38-54.]
[29]He Dengfa,Zhou Xinyuan,Zhang Chaojun,et al.Tectonic types and evolution of Ordovician proto-type basin in the Tarim region[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2007,54(supplementⅠ):126-135.[何登发,周新源,张朝军,等.塔里木地区奥陶纪原型盆地类型及其演化[J].科学通报,2007,52(增刊Ⅰ):126-135.]
[30]Ding Changhui,Shan Xuanlong,Li Qiang,et al.Geologic framework and structural evolution of Cheerchen fracture system in Tarim Basin[J].Global Geology,2008,27(1):36-41.[丁长辉,单玄龙,李强,等.塔里木盆地车尔臣断裂系地质结构域构造演化[J].世界地质,2008,27(1):36-41.]
[31]Wang Buqing,Wang Qinghua,Han Lijun,et al.Segmentation characteristics and dynamic mechanism of the Che′erchen fault in the southeast Tarim Basin[J].Oil and Gas Geology,2007,28(6):755-761.[王步清,王清华,韩利军,等.塔里木盆地东南部车尔臣断裂的分段特征及动力学机制[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(6):755-761.]
[32]Yang Wencai,Wang Jialin,Zhong Huizhi,et al.Analysis of regional magnetic field and source structure in Tarim Basin[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2012,55(44):1278-1287.[杨文采,王家林,钟慧智,等.塔里木盆地航磁场分析与磁源体结构[J].地球物理学报,2012,55(44):1278-1287.]
[33]Yuan Xuecheng.Geophysical Atlas of China[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1996:1-200.[袁学诚.中国地球物理图集[M].北京:地质出版社,1996:1-200.]
[1] 倪斌，汤良杰，李萌，宋智华. 塔里木盆地鸟山东断裂带构造特征、形成机制及油气地质意义[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(6): 834-844.
[2] 张云钊，曾联波，罗群，张晨，吴浩，吕文雅，代全齐，朱德宇. 准噶尔盆地吉木萨尔凹陷芦草沟组致密储层裂缝特征和成因机制[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(2): 211-225.
[3] 肖敦清, 姜文亚, 蒲秀刚, 王娜, 岳云福, 孙超囡, 代昆, 滑双君. 渤海湾盆地歧口凹陷中深层天然气成藏条件与资源潜力[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2018, 29(10): 1409-1421.
[4] 韩宝，王昌伟，盛世锋，庞燕青. 准噶尔盆地中拐—五区二叠系不整合面对油气成藏控制作用[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(12): 1821-1828.
[5] 王琳，赵孟军，孟庆洋，王鹏，王科，袁海莉,申磊军，雷刚. 柴达木盆地英西地区中深层油气成藏过程分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(12): 1846-1854.
[6] 王龙，谢晓军，刘世翔，宋双，王一博，唐武，郭佳，孙瑞. 南海南部主要盆地油气分布规律及主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2017, 28(10): 1546-1554.
[7] 梅庆华，何登发，桂宝玲，李英强，李皎，李传新. 川中地区新元古代—古生代初多幕裂陷过程及其演化[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(8): 1427-1438.
[8] 刘一锋，邱楠生，谢增业，姚倩颖，刘雯. 川中古隆起寒武系超压形成与保存[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(8): 1439-1446.
[9] 刘金库，孙永亮，焦旭，张泽. 碎屑岩储层低渗成因及优质储层发育机理——以歧口凹陷歧北斜坡沙二段储层为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2016, 27(5): 799-808.
[10] 史基安，郭晖，吴剑锋，姚爱国，邹妞妞，吴志雄. 准噶尔盆地滴西地区石炭系火山岩油气成藏主控因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S2): 1-11.
[11] 刘炜博，鞠治学，韩剑发，祁燕飞，汤明刚. 塔里木盆地塔中Ⅲ区奥陶系碳酸盐岩各层系油气成藏特征及富集规律[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S2): 125-137.
[12] 王宏斌，张虎权，杨丽莎，郑多明，姚清洲，代冬冬. 塔里木盆地哈拉哈塘地区潜山岩溶带油气成藏关键因素[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S1): 72-79.
[13] 刘军，崔海峰，陈永权，田雷，张年春. 膏岩层在油气成藏中的作用及勘探意义——以塔西南麦盖提斜坡区奥陶系为例[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(S1): 139-147.
[14] 王圣柱，林会喜，张奎华，吴倩倩. 准北缘哈山斜坡带侏罗系原油稠化机理及充注特征[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(3): 477-485.
[15] 吴海，赵孟军，卓勤功，鲁雪松. 库车坳陷北部单斜带油气充注史及成藏潜力分析[J]. 天然气地球科学, 2015, 26(12): 2325-2335.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!